Hemostatic clips’ retention in the upper GI tract, A report of two cases with prolonged clip retention

Hemostatic clips’ retention in the upper GI tract, A report of two cases with prolonged clip retention

Tahini Ali¹, Alkhatib Amani¹, Matar Rami², Hallal Marwa³, Maitar Michael⁴, Hallal Mahmoud⁵*

¹Lebanese university, school of medical sciences; ²St George’s University ,USA;³Faculty of medicine ,Lebanese American University ,Byblos,Lebanon; ⁴Southern ILLinois university School of medicine; ⁵AlZahraa Hospital University Medical Center, affiliated with Lebanese University school of medical sciences ,Beirut Lebanon.

The metallic endoscopic clip was first described for hemostasis in 1975. ^[1] Endoscopic clips are now frequently used in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and have many different indications. ^[1] Most clips are not magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-safe, and are contraindications to MRI. ^[2]  The hemostatic clips usually spontaneously dislodge within 1 to 3 weeks after placement, but some case reports have shown that they can be retained for up to 2 years. ^[5] Hemostatic clips retention until ulcers healed could promote permanent endoscopic hemostasis of both severe ulcer hemorrhage and very severe hemorrhage related to inpatient ulcer bleeding. ^[3] Given the short retention time, most physicians rarely advise their patients to abstain from diagnostic procedures that would be contraindicated with a hemostatic clips placed, such as magnetic resonance imaging. ^[5]  Two cases will be reported for retained clips more than 2 years with a review about risks for clip retaining, MRI compatibility, and retrieving retained clips.

Keywords: Hemostatic clips’ retention; upper GI tract; prolonged clip retention

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How to cite this article:
Tahini Ali, Alkhatib Amani, Hallal Marwa, Matar Rami, Maitar Michael, Hallal Mahmoud. Hemostatic clips’ retention in the upper GI tract, A report of two cases with prolonged clip retention. Open Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2022, 5:61. DOI: 10.28933/ojgh-2022-04-1005

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