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American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews

American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews, Recent Articles

Power and Sample Size for Contingency Tables

Review article of American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews Power and Sample Size for Contingency Tables Seock-Ho Kim1, Hyo Jin Eom2 1The University of Georgia, 2Korea University A review of association measures of effect size between two categorical variables in contingency tables is presented. Relationships among measures of effect size are explicated by considering the test statistics of independence, the nominal or ordinal nature of categorical variables, and the size of contingency tables. Tables that contain minimum sample sizes for testing independence between two categorical variables in contingency tables are also presented. Cramer’s V2 was employed as a main measure of association in tabulation. Illustrations are provided using data from 2018 General Social Survey for obtaining test statistics and measures of effect size for contingency tables. Determining appropriate sample sizes for statistical analysis of data in contingency tables is important for studies in behavioral sciences. Keywords: categorical variable, contingency table, effect size, power, sample size ...
American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews, Recent Articles

The Prioritization of Special Educator Well-Being: An Empirical Perspective of Contemporary Importance

Research article of American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews The Prioritization of Special Educator Well-Being: An Empirical Perspective of Contemporary Importance Katherine Carpenter-Ware, Ed.D., Meredith Welch, Ed.D., and Sandra Battige, Ph.D. Liberty University Purpose: This study aimed to describe the subjective well-being of experienced special education teachers in one mid-Atlantic state in the United States.  The significance of this study was amplified by the onset of COVID-19. These circumstances were reflected within the data and provide implications for school administrators. Methods: Qualitative data collection methods, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and audio journals, were used to generate data from twelve experienced special education teachers.  Research Design:  A transcendental phenomenological methodology, framed within Martin Seligman’s well-being theory, structured this study. Findings: The themes that arose from the data indicated that experienced special education teachers sourced positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment from role-related experiences.  However, barriers to these elements of well-being and negative emotions were also described.  Some of this data aligned with previous literature and some data was shaped by the unique experiences of early pandemic virtual instruction. Conclusions:  Culminating from the data are practical implications for K-12 school leaders to provide intentional support for the retention and well-being of special educators.  Of these implications, acknowledging the hefty paperwork demands within the role, prioritizing teacher planning time, and expressing appreciation could benefit the well-being of those who teach within the special education community. Keywords: COVID-19, special education teachers, K-12 school leadership, teacher well-being, well-being theory ...
American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews, Recent Articles

Use of item response theory in marketing research

Research article of American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews Use of item response theory in marketing research Hyo Jin Eom1, John Hulland2, Jordan M. Wheeler2, Seock-Ho Kim2        1Korea University, 2University of Georgia There are three purposes of this paper. The first is to present a brief introduction to item response theory in conjunction with marketing research. The second is to present a review of the current uses of item response theory in representative marketing research journals. The third is to present an example that illustrate and contrasts classical test theory and item response theory approaches to item and scale analysis. Several item response theory relevant papers were recently published in various marketing research journals. Because models under item response theory, from simple to complex, were used without any systematic introduction in marketing research, this paper briefly presents the main concepts in item response theory. A content analysis was done for the second purpose with 30 item response theory relevant articles in marketing research journals. Articles were sorted based on the taxonomy of item response theory models. Many articles reviewed relied on some type of unidimensional dichotomous item response theory models. Articles published recently within the past 10 years used more complicated item response theory models, both mathematically and statistically, than other previously published articles in marketing research journals. Lastly, data from a scale with three Likert-type items of four response categories were analysed using a traditional approach based on item statistics and coefficient alpha as well as using an item response theory approach by employing the graded response model. Main concepts of item response theory were explicated with figures. Keywords: item response theory; marketing research; measurement issues; Rasch model ...
American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews, Recent Articles

The Analysis of Frequency Terms Used in Rating Scales

Research article of American Journal of Educational Research and Reviews The Analysis of Frequency Terms Used in Rating Scales Seock-Ho Kim1, Hyo Jin Eom2 1The University of Georgia, 2Korea University The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary analysis of frequency terms commonly used in rating scales that are based on differing degrees of frequency with which events happen. A total of 20 frequency terms was analyzed using empirical data as well as employing a lexical database. Use of clearly separable frequency terms is imperative for the construction of a set of rating scales as an effective measuring instrument. Keywords: cluster analysis, frequency terms, rating scale, synset ...

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American journal of educational research and reviews

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