American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews

Research Article of American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews Survey of the Seaweeds of the Beach of Pina, Recife Pernambuco SILVA, E. V1, ANJOS, F. B. R.1, CARVALHO, R. C. X2. 1UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO, RECIFE – PE. 2UNIVERSIDADE DE PERNAMBUCO, RECIFE – PE. The constant interference of human activities has had direct and indirect impacts on aquatic environments with consequences for water quality for aquatic biota and the functioning of ecosystems, thereby reducing the ability to use. This study aimed to describe the qualitative and quantitative variation of species of macroalgae from Praia do Pina, Recife-PE, in the rainy season and drought. The collections were made in August 2007 (rainy season) and January 2008 (period of drought). Data on the occurrence of macroalgae were collected by snorkeling using the combined techniques of sampling belt transects (50m x 1m) and quadrats (1m x1m). The species of greatest abundance in both periods were almost the same: Ulva lactuca, U. fasciata, U. intestinalis, Caulerpa sertularioides, C. filiformis; C.prolifera; C.racemosa, and C. lentillifera; being found in smaller quantities: Pterocladia capillaceous, Hypnea musciformis, H. pannosa, H. cervicornis, Sargassum Muticum, S. vulgare, S. ilicifolium, Padin Pavoni, P. tetrastromatica, Dictyota dichotoma, Gracilaria warts and G. Salicornia. The two species were only found in Glacilaria period of drought and the species S. ilicifolium was found during the rainy season. About 80% of macroalgal distribution in reef studied is composed of individuals belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta, 12% are representatives of the phylum Phaeophyta and 8% are belonging to the phylum Rodhophyta. These percentages are very close to the values presented in two urban beaches in the Metropolitan Region of Recife and a beach on the northern coast of the state of Pernambuco, where areas have been intensified the processes of human occupation and exploitation, and increasing ...

Research Article of American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews Profitability Analysis of Value Added Usipa (Engraulicypris Sardella) by Packaging In Nkhotakota, Malawi Mbamba D1, Valeta J2, Harawa D3, Kapute F1, Singini W1 , Mzengereza K1 1Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Mzuzu University, Luwinga, Mzuzu 2, Malawi; 2Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Science, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi.;3Department of Tourism and Hospitality management, Mzuzu University, Luwinga, Mzuzu 2, Malawi. The study was conducted to determine the profitability of value addition of Engraulicypris sardella through packaging in Nkhotakota district, central Malawi. Samples(69Kg) of fresh E. sardella purchased and sundried in solar tent dryer, packaged (34.5Kg) in plastics papers while the other 34.5Kg was unpackaged. Sales data were analyzed using gross margin and net profit analysis. Benefit-cost ratio and rate of return on investment were used to determine the viability of small scale E. sardella fish business. Results of Cost and Return Analysis packaged E. sardella showed that the total revenue of packaged E. sardella was Mk225,400.00 and total cost was Mk 40,350.00 while results for unpackaged E. sardella showed that the total revenue was Mk104,144.92 and total cost was Mk20,450.00. Results on Benefit cost ratio for packaged and unpackaged E. sardella were 5.09 and 5.58 respectively. The findings implies that packaged E. sardella was more profitable than unpackaged E. sardella. The rate of return for packaged and unpackaged Engraulicypris sardella was 4.58 and 4.09 respectively, implying that for every Mk1.00 invested for Packaged Engraulicypris sardella there was a return of Mk4.58 and Mk4.09 for unpackaged Engraulicypris sardella. Packaging should be encouraged to maximize profits from small scale fish business in Malawi. Keywords: Profitability, packaged and unpackaged Engraulicypris sardella, fisheries ...

Review Article of American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews Eco-friendly Aquaculture for Sustainable Fish Production in Nigeria 1Irimiah Abeya Ezhim and 2Vincent C. Asogwa 1Department of Agricultural Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria 2Department of Agricultural and Home Science Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria The ever-increasing population and hence higher demand for fish and other aquatic organisms for human consumption and exports have accorded greater priority to the aquaculture subsector. Therefore, there was need to conduct research to unveil facts relating to practices adopted by farmers in rearing fish and other aquatic organisms. This study emphasized concepts and importance of aquaculture, some common breeds of fish cultured, systems of aquaculture practices and methods of rearing fish and other aquatic organisms. The study also discussed eco-friendly aquaculture practices ensure sustainable fish production. The study further discussed the benefits of adopted eco-friendly aquaculture practices and constraints encountered by aqua-culturists. The study recommended among others that government should ensure proper training of extension workers who would in turn educate fish farmers on eco-friendly practices. The study also recommended that for expansion of aqua-cultural enterprises, government should provide more funds and liberalize land acquisition procedures to avail more land. Finally, the study recommended that requisite guidelines and regulations should be enforced to ensure that only practices that are sustainable and eco-friendly be adopted in the production of fish and allied products. Keywords: aquaculture, eco-friendly, fish production, sustainable ...

Research Article of American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews Total An Investigation into Light Pollution as a Limiting factor for shift of Mass nesting ground at Rushikulya rookery Ganjam Odishas Subrata Kumar Behera* , Rajkishore Mohanta 1Department of Agricultural and Home Science Education, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State 2Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State Illumination due to artificial lights on nesting beaches and from nearby place to nesting beaches is detrimental to sea turtles because it alters critical nocturnal behaviors specifically, their choice of nesting sites and their return path to the sea after nesting. Illuminations perplex the hatchlings to find sea after emerging. Numerous studies conducted in other countries have demonstrated that artificial lights negatively impact on turtles, both female adults as they come to and go from their home beach to lay eggs, and to turtle hatchlings as they seek out the way to the open ocean. In this study we correlated the mass nesting intensity of 5years (2012 to 2018) at Rushikulya mass nesting site to the illumination zone. Illumination due to light conditions on nesting beaches are complex, and measuring light pollution in a way that effectively captures the impacts to sea turtles is difficult. But increase in intensity of illumination on selective mass nesting beaches showed gradual reduction in intensity of preferred nesting site during the mass nesting event. A gradual shift of nesting preference was also observed more toward darker zone. Keywords: Illumination, light pollution, mass nesting, nest selection, olive ridley, Rushikulya ...