International Congress 2018

Introduction: Epidemiology is the study of factors that determine the frequency and distribution of diseases in human collectivities. Neurodegenerative diseases compose a very heterogeneous group of diseases, caused by distinct mechanisms and characterized by the neuronal degeneration in different regions of the Nervous System. Objective: The objective of this study was to perform a survey on the number of cases of neurodegenerative diseases in the Sergipe University Hospital (HU). Methodology: In this study, an analytic epidemiology study, with a cross-sectional design, we analyzed the epidemiological profile of patients’s medical appointments at HU Neurology Clinic, from January 2003 to January 2016. The research was based on the analysis of patient medical records. These were selected in fixed percentages, per year, at random sampling. Descriptive statistics were performed and the percentage values of the analyzed data were reported. Results and Discussion: A total of 819 medical records were analyzed, of which 166 were cases of neurodegenerative diseases, representing an incidence of 20.2% in the studied episodes. In these cases, 1.2% was patients with Wilson’s Disease, 7.8% with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, 9% with Alzheimer’s Disease and 82% with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). In this study, it was possible to observe that there is a high percentage of people in the HU with neurodegenerative diseases, mainly PD. In the national literature, no articles were found that presented results of epidemiological studies in PD. It is estimated that this disease affects about 1% of the world’s population over 65 years old, representing up to 2/3 of patients attending major movement disorders centers around the world. Conclusion: The results of this work contribute to the determination of the profile of care in HU, providing greater clarity for the planning and replanning of actions at all levels of health care.

Introduction:Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease that affects articular cartilage. Its signs and symptoms include morning stiffness, pain, decreased range of motion in the affected joint, limitations in functional activities, deformity with osteophyte formation, swelling and stiffness in the drive. Hydrotherapy is widely used by thrust account, dipping and reduced gravity, which is the differential treatment. Objectives: To analyze through literature reviews and case studies the effectiveness of hydrotherapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: A literature review was performed from items available in Scielo databases, PubMed, Lilacs, Medline in August 2017, selecting articles published from 2012 to 2017. Results and Discussion: Initially found 55 studies with the proposed theme, among them, 47 were excluded according to the exclusion criteria. Selecting articles 8, 4 case studies and literature reviews 4. Results report that hydrotherapy helps both assisting in relieving the symptoms and the execution of activities of daily living. Conclusion: Later the acquired data, it can be concluded that the hydrotherapy program on rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthritis patients, was effective in terms of reducing the manifestations of pain and increase in range of motion of the knee. The pool exercises in technique is an excellent environment for rehabilitation of these patients due to buoyant force decrease the force of gravity, therefore, reduces the burden on the injured cartilage when immersed to the chest,Minimizing major changes and making the execution of the exercise less painful as they would be in the ground and thus more comfortable.

Introduction: Acupuncture is a millenary therapeutic technique, whose practice implies the energetic balance of individuals. This therapy, usually, applies needles into acupoints, which when stimulated, promote several health benefits. With greater dissemination, Acupuncture has been an alternative means in the relief of chronic pain. Objectives: Describe the therapeutic efficacy of the use of Acupuncture in chronic pain control. Methodology: It is an integrative review, whose articles analyzed were obtained through analysis of databases: LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO. The descriptors used were: Acupuncture, Pain, Nursing, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Such analysis was held on September 22-24, 2017, using the following inclusion criteria: articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish, from 2011 to 2016, and deleted all articles that do not possess the theme of the study. As a conductive question: The efficacy of the use of Acupuncture for chronic pains? Results and discussion: By means of the criteria 83 publications were identified, of which 72 were deleted by the eligibility criteria. Articles obtained have shown that the treatment is carried out at strategic points, which in some cases provide immediate analgesia and aims to improve or cure of chronic pain. Among the studies reviewed, technique as Electro Acupuncture, Auriculo Acupuncture, Craniopuncture are the most used and which allow the development of good results, aiming at a supplement and improvement of allopathic treatment, improving the prognosis of the patient. Conclusion: It seems clear, that the use of acupuncture, decreases the pain and discomforts levels, having an action similar with the chronic pain medicines.

Introduction: The trigeminal neuralgia is an idiopathic chronic disease known for its intense and unbearable pains. It is associated to the trigeminal nerve which is responsible for the sensation in the face and also motor functions such as the motor control of chewing muscles. The diagnosis is complex and requires a meticulous clinic examination – to be distinguished from others conditions – besides an evaluation of complementary and multidisciplinary exams aiming an effective treatment according to the needs of each patient. Objetives: The purpose of this article is to address the concept of the trigeminal neuralgia, pointing out its etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment methods. Methodology: Several papers concerning the topic of interest were selected and analyzed through the searching means: Google academics, LILACAS and SCIELO. Results: The results show that the first drug chosen for treatment is Carbamazepine. The drug therapy can be broad, depending on each patient. When ineffective, surgical treatment is necessary, which may be by many techniques, with a 73% rate of positive results. Conclusion: The trigeminal neuralgia is considered the most prevalent and uncomfortable of the neuralgias. According to the analyzed researches, an adequate diagnosis allows an effective treatment.

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae, popularly known as leprosy, and has great neuropathic potential, as it affects the nervous system, causing severe sequelae. It mainly affects low-income people, who live in places without basic sanitation and without adequate housing conditions. Because it is a secular disease and with immense prejudice, people who are affected seek health networks late because of fear, causing delay in diagnosis and bringing severe sequelae to them, and may even be irreversible. Objective: To understand leprosy and its neuropathic potential, emphasizing the importance of nursing a qualification. Methodology: This is a literature review, whose data collection was performed through the SciELO and Lilacs databases. A total of 8 conventional and non-conventional articles were found, using the descriptors leprosy, nursing, basic health unit and early diagnosis. Results and Discussion: In all forms of leprosy, there is a nervous compromise occurring a preference for the sensory-autonomic nerves of the dermis and in the region of the nerve trunk becoming a standard feature of the disease, so people tend to develop deficiency and physical deformities , But its impact will depend on the immunity of the individual. The nurse of the unit, properly trained becomes essential in the monitoring and healing process of the patient. Conclusion: It is of fundamental importance that nursing qualify to serve these users, so that in the future, they will not suffer from severe neuropathic sequelae, hindering their daily activities, their social experiences and self esteem.

Introduction: Neoplasms are a kind of the principal chronic and degenerative diseases that more causes morbidity and death in the world, being indispensable the attempt to reduce the torment, thus, the spirituality comes like a support that promotes a better quality of life. Objectives: Describe like spirituality can to influence in the treatment of oncologics patient. Methodology: The present study is a revision of integrative role, whose reviewed articles were captured through database analysis: BDENF, LILACS and SciELO. The descriptors utilized were: Spirituality, Cancer, Oncology and Patient. This analysis were realized on september 22 ᶯ ͩ and 23ʳ ͭ , 2017; the criterions of the included were published articles in portuguese and english, in 2010 to 2016, being excluded all that haven’t adequation at thematic of study. By means of the criterions defined were found 124 publisheds, but, only 8 articles met the criterions of the principal objective. Results and Discussions: The oncologic diagnostic is seen in the contemporary society like incurable, although of exist many ways of treatment, this ascend the mental disorder in the patients and family that searches in the spirituality a protector paper against this morbidity. In the search of this spiritual care, scientific evidences shows that it has influenced the clinic and disease course, increasing thus the quality of life in the patient. Conclusion: Not is possible treat a singly disease, is important that the patient been integrated in the treatment with aspects biopsychosocial, spiritual and ecologic for that has a improvement or cure. With this, can accentuate that the spirituality is indispensable for a good diagnostic.

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease that affects motor neurons in a progressive and generalized way, with an incidence ranging from 0.3 to 3.6: 100.000 people per year. Objective: To analyze the importance of multiprofessional care for patients with ALS. Methodology: Literature Review through the Pubmed and Uptodate databases with the descriptors “Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis” and “multidisciplinary”. Results and Discussion: ALS is the most common motor neuron disease in the world, with weakness, spasticity, hyperreflexia, muscular atrophy and fasciculations. It is very much associated with depression, cognitive, behavioral and mood disorders, causing social and economic problems for patients and their families. Its prognosis is bleak, with death after about two to three years of diagnosis. Riluzole is a safe and effective drug for the management of ALS, capable of prolonging survival in about six months. In May 2017 the use of Edaravone for the treatment of ALS was approved, so the current therapeutic recommendation is the use of this as an adjunct to Riluzole. According to a 2017 review of the Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, more important than drug therapy itself in ALS, is the multiprofessional approach. Currently there is evidence of the importance of the role of neurologist, gastroenterologist, palliative care specialist, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, speech therapist, nutritionist, nurse, psychologist and social worker in the treatment of ALS – each professional with different skills, knowledge and experience must act together to provide the best possible care for patients in this situation and their families. Conclusion: Despite the socioeconomic difficulties found in Brazil, it is scientifically proven the importance of the multidisciplinary approach not only for patients with ALS, but also for their families, so that it should be encouraged in different care settings.

Introduction: Cardiopathy is a chronic disease that affects the heart structure, preventing or disturbing its healthy operation. The congenital status of this disease affects by consequence the fetus’ growth and maturation which in serious cases harms the child’s development. It is in this moment that the professional role of nursing is crucial by the constant aid, both to the patient and its family. Objective: Emphasizing the nurse’s importance in the aid to a congenital condition of cardiopathy. Methodology: A search was carried out in the SCIELLO virtual library and in the LILACS database, using the descriptors “Congenital Cardiopathy”, “Nursing”, “Children Affected by Heart Diseases”, “Risk Factors”. Were separated 25 articles dated between 2011 and 2016. With the complete text and in Portuguese language, totaling 8. After reading the articles, 5 studies provided the information of this summary. Results and Discussion: In context where the congenital cardiopathy highlights and causes issues since the child first years of life, the nurse comes as the principal aid parts to the family. This starts during the pregnancy by raising awareness of the the risk factors and it extends to the everyday care with the patient. Children that presents cardiovascular diseases exhibit a frequent need for nursing diagnostic. Besides the professional and flexible aid from all in this area, pediatrics count with this flexibility to interact and caring for patients. Conclusion: We can conclude that the professional nurse figure is of the utmost importance for the follow-up of congenital cardiopathy. The nurse must exercise his/her knowledge to aid in the patient’s care process, in addition to support their family. The professional care must be started in the antenatal support, following the child’s life until the disease is stable.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease whose main symptom is inflammation of the joints. The main drugs given to fight this disease are corticosteroids that have anti-inflammatory action and (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) NSAIDs. While drugs are extremely useful in the treatment of this disease, corticosteroids have a list of side effects if used too much and for long time. Objective: emphasize the adverse effects of prolonged use of corticosteroids and (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) NSAIDs in rheumatoid arthritis. Methodology: This study deals with a literature review performed in databases the SciELO and Pubmed, using combinations of descriptors “Rheumatoid Arthritis”, “Corticosteroids”, “Consequences”. 101 articles were found, from which 6 were selected the reading of the respective digests. Results and Discussion: The studies and research already carried out on this subject have shown that 20-40% of patients, adults or elderly, who use (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) NSAIDs at risk of having gastric ulcer, as well as 42% of users have likely increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Their prolonged use may also increase in 5-6 mmHg the average pressure in patients with hypertension..Hospitalization is more frequent in patients who ingest steroids, being admitted with sepsis 0.05% compared with 0.02% of those who did not. As to thrombus formation, the rate of hospitalization was 0.14% versus 0.09% and fractures was 0.51% versus 0.39%. In the face of variables involving rheumatoid arthritis, NSAIDs and corticosteroids, while treating the condition can cause a lot of damage to the patient if administered without interruption. Conclusion: It is necessary further studies on the adverse effects of drugs, research on palliative alternatives and new therapeutic strategies such as drug therapy, physical therapy, psychosocial support and surgical treatments.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is an immunological disease wich affects the Central Nervous System leading to the progressive destruction of a part of the structure of the nerves and interfering in the conduction of the signal of nervous stimulation. Objective: Identify Nursing diagnoses present in a Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis patient. Methods: It is a descriptive study of the clinical case report type carried out from June to July 2016. Data collection was performed using physical examination and medical records. Results: R.M.S. 44 years old, was admitted to a university hospital in Recife-PE referring to symmetric and ascending numbness in the lower limbs in a continuous and progressive way, imbalance, difficulty in walking, constipation, retention and urinary urgency, besides erectile dysfunction. Imaging examinations revealed neuroimaging suggestive of demyelinating lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypertensive foci in the T2 region in supratentorial (predominantly colosal), medullary and left hemipons compartments, some of which presented contrast uptake. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected through lumbar puncture with negative results for toxoplasmosis, schistosomiasis, cytomegalovirus, HIV and HTLV 1 and 2 serologies. Nursing diagnoses identified: Impairment of physical mobility related to muscular paresis and imbalance; Risk for injuries related to impaired sensory and motor capacity; Impaired urinary and intestinal elimination related to a dysfunction of the nervous system; Speech and swallowing impaired by glossopharyngeal nerve involvement. The Nursing practices prescribed according to the respective diagnoses listed were: Assist the patient while walking; Record and monitor the values of urine output and intestinal elimination; Accompany the patient during dietary intake. Conclusions: After performing the procedures, patient evolved with improvement of the condition and was guided to follow-up through the outpatient clinic of the referred hospital.