International Congress 2018

Introduction:The treatment used in neoplasias, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, generate a series of side effects that undermine the prognosis of cancer patients. Aiming mainly at nutritional status and mucosal integrity, we found the need for prevention in cases of patients who present with mucositis during anti-neoplastic treatment. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the available knowledge about glutamine supplementation in the treatment of mucositis in patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment. Method: This is a literature review, selecting articles published between 2013 and 2015, in the Medline and Lilacs databases through Pubmed, with the following descriptors: glutamine and radiotherapy, glutamine and cancer and mucositis. Results: Studies indicate that the tumors that most affect the nutritional status of patients are head and neck neoplasms, esophagus, digestive tract and lung. Considering that the side effects of antineoplastic agents, such as vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, xerostomia, increased basal metabolic rate and mucositis, trigger a decrease in food intake, Leading the patient to malnutrition and cachexia. Mucositis is a result of inflammation of the oral mucosa or gastrointestinal tract. Several studies have evaluated the use of glutamine supplementation during antineoplastic treatment, since it depletes it over time, being related to cachexia, loss of muscle mass and, consequently, muscle glutamine, with substrate reduction for rapidly replicating cells, and may therefore be related to aggravation of oral mucositis and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion: The use of glutamine in cancer treatment may be a viable option, especially in relation to the prevention of more severe degrees of mucositis. It is necessary the participation of a multidisciplinary team for the early identification of the alteration of the oral mucosa for a better treatment.

Introduction: Stigmatized since the biblical times, the leprosy is developed by Mycobacterium leprae, havinglike a of yours principal characteres the impairment of peripheral nerves that can to initiate in deficients and fisics deformities. Objectives: Analise the process of the peripheral neuropathy by leprosy. Methodology: It’s a revision of integrative role, whose reviewed articles were captured through database analysis: LILACS and SciELO. The descriptor sutilized were:Leprosy, Peripheral nerves, Quality of life and Treatment. The analysis were realized on october, 2017; the criterions of the included were published articles in portuguese and english, in 2012 to 2017, being excluded all that haven’t adequation at thematic of study. By means of the criterions defined were found 9 publisheds, but, only 2 articles met the criterions of the principal objective. Results and Discussions: The diagnostic of the patology is clinic starting by thermics stimuli, tactille and painful. In the start of the disease, the Scwann’s cells are the firsts commited, but, progressively the axonies also can to be affecteds. The neuropathy of the leprosy is of cronic course, presenting some acute phases. The principal nerves achieved are ulnar in the elbow, median in the handle and fingers, superficial radial in the handle, tibial in the tarsal tunnel, fibular, tunnel straight-fibular, beyond of the sensitives branches: saphenous, superficial peroni and sural. She cans to pass by evolutions and a present differentiated characteres, necessiting of accompaniment constant. The realization of neurologic exam like palpation of nerves and profund reflexions, sensitive mapping, motor voluntary test, dermatologic avaliations and anamnese, support in the early Discovery of the disease. Conclusion: The methods of the avaliation of neuropathies must be of knowledge and domain of the health team, because define the treatment of the disease inside of the yours particularities, preventing that sick hadirreversible losses that prejudice your quality of…

Introduction: During evolution, plants developed defense mechanisms against pathogen attack, including an infinity of molecular processes that are triggered by pathogen exposure, such as resistance gene synthesis (R). The NBS-LRR gene family is known as one of the most representative families in the R gene class, in which its protein domains are related to one form of plant defense mechanisms. Objective: To identify and characterize candidate sequences of the NBS-LRR gene family in the Vitis vinifera genome. Methodology: Initially, a seed sequence was selected from those curated in the NBS-LRR family and deposited in the UniProt database. This sequence was aligned via tBLASTn against the V. vinifera genome deposited in the NCBI, by adopting a cut-off of e-value ≥ e-10. The sequences were annotated, translated and had its conserved protein domains identified by both ORF Finder and CD-search tools, respectively. Finally, the prediction of the isoelectric point was performed, and the molecular weight was also estimated using the JVirGel 2.0 software. Moreover, the subcellular localization was carried out by the Cell-PLoc 2.0 software. Results and Discussion: A total of 40 candidate sequences were retrieved that are related to the gene of interest. The translated proteins showed a variation from 338 to 944 aa in size. A total of 33 complete NBS domains were found, from which 16 sequences had a whole RX-CC_like domain, while only two sequences have a full-length LRR domain. The candidate proteins had an isoelectric point from 5.25 to 9.46, a molecular weight varying from 38.47 and 108.14 kDa. All proteins showed cytoplasmatic subcellular localization, from which, 21 % also displayed an cellular membrane localization, in agreement with the data described in the literature. Conclusions: The results described here can contribute to a better understanding of the molecular characteristics of the NBS-LRR gene family and their role…

Introduction: Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. The development of new drugs effective in the cancer treatment seeks the selectivity in inducing cell death. Different cell death pathways are known to date, the main ones are apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Objective: To describe the main cell death regulatory pathways and the possible targets of new anticancer drugs. Methodology: A bibliographic review of the scientific literature published in international journals was carried out. Results and Discussion: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death that controls the balance between death and tissue proliferation, and cancer cells are able to evade this mechanism. It can be induced by the extrinsic pathway, where receptors of the TNF- or CD95 family are activated on the cell surface, which subsequently activate cytosolic proteases, the caspases; or by the intrinsic pathway, where apoptosis is induced by the release of apoptogenic factors by mitochondria. Bcl-2 family proteins are highly involved in this pathway. Autophagy is a type of death in which the cell eliminates unhealthy cytoplasmic components by lysosomal degradation. The autophagic process is highly controlled, among others, by components of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, becoming key targets in anticancer therapy via autophagy induction. Finally, necrosis is a passive cell death that generally does not depend on a specific signaling pathway. It usually occurs as a final step of apoptosis or necrosis or by other factors which affect cellular homeostasis, such as physical damage and mechanical stresses, leadind to cell volume augmentation and membrane disruption, resulting in loss of cell integrity. Conclusion: Thus, the search or development of new molecules that act against one or more of the cell death activation pathways may reveal new and promising therapeutic agents against cancer.

Introduction: Nasopalatine duct cysts are common entities of the jaw, but may resemble clinical and radiographic findings to other cystic and solid lesions of the medial anterior maxilla. It can develop at any age, but it is more frequent between the fourth and sixth decades of life affecting men more frequently. Its etiology seems to be associated with the proliferation of epithelial remnants of the nasopalatine duct or from oronasal ducts within the incisor canal. Objective: To discuss the relevant microscopic and differential diagnosis features in clinical dental practice through recent publications. Methodology: An integrative review was performed on the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, using the descriptors: Cyst, Incisor channel, lesions. Inclusion criteria were: full-text articles available in Portuguese or English and with a temporal cut between 2013 and 2017. Results: Five articles were selected that fit the inclusion criteria. Discussion: Nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common non-odontogenic cyst of maxillary intraosseous cyst. Due to its specific anatomical location and its proximity to the upper central incisors, this lesion is often confused with periapical cysts, which leads to difficulties in establishing the best therapy by the clinician. Its radiographic appearance shows a radiolucent area, unilocular, oval or rounded, well delimited and located along the midline of the maxilla, between the apexes of the central incisors or higher on the hard palate. The main differential diagnoses usually provided include, in addition to the nasopalatine duct cyst itself, the pe- triapical cyst located apical or laterally to the roots and odontogenic keratocyst (or keratocystic odontogenic tumor). Conclusion: Nasopalatine duct cysts usually affect adult men, resembling the periapical cysts associated with the upper central incisors, which should be treated through surgical procedures with a subsequent microscopic evaluation of the specimen removed.

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder of insidious onset that causes loss of memory and various cognitive disorders. Early AD represents 5% of all cases of this pathology, demonstrating a family recurrence that initially presents a relative preservation of cognition. Its development is directly related to mutated genes that cause changes in the proteins encoded by them. Objectives: To describe the genetic factors and clinical characteristics of early Alzheimer’s disease. Methodology: Articles published between 2000 and 2010 were pre-selected through the PubMed and SciELO databases, using the descriptor: alzheimer. A total of 73 texts were analyzed, of which 54 were selected after the study of titles and abstracts. Considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 13 were included in the review because they refer to Early AD theme in the descriptors and abstracts. Results and Discussion: The genetic factor is considered crucial in the disease. The cases behave according to an autosomal dominant monogenic hereditary pattern in heterozygous individuals for the mutated gene (Aa), since the dominant gene is rare in the population. Studies suggest that the reduction in the level or activity of APP fragments plays a critical role in cognitive dysfunction, including the genes of PSEN1 and PSEN2 as well as responsible for this involvement. Early signs tend to be ignored because of their early character, presenting characteristics of behavioral changes, personality or depressive symptoms, with relative cognitive preservation. Conclusion: Early AD has low incidence and a great genetic relation, which makes it necessary to know the genetic factors for the specificity of the diagnosis since its clinical manifestation can confuse the family of the affected one due to its prematurity and the symptoms, being of great importance the diagnosis differential through complementary exams, along with the clinic, to the exclusion of other types…

Illness is a non-expected situation that the patient isn’t prepared for, resulting it may cause an instability between mind and body. The diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic dysfunction resulted from the deficiency of insulin secretion. This condition decreases life quality, and is one of the main causes of death, kidney failure and lower members’ amputation. As an intervention for this situation of fragility, surgery is constantly indicated, inducing emotions as agony, fear and anxiety, and even triggering fantasies. The anxiety caused by the possibility of a surgical intervention can affect the patient, if these emotions aren’t expressed and acknowledged. Thus, it is important to be aware about the patients’ emotional state, as there is a relation between their reactions, the surgery and the postoperative. Objective: Reflect about the psychological intervention as a place for perceiving and expressing emotions of hospitalized diabetic patients. Methodology: Experiment report taken from hospital psychology experience. Results and Discussion: Psychological intervention in chronic patients’ groups, as the diabetics, is an important resource in face off the difficulties for acknowledge and express the experienced emotions. Using images that shows some of the emotions that are part of the context, like fear, anxiety, anger, hope and gratitude, for example, helps the reflection about how these emotions can be manifested in hospitalization process. This technique permits comprehension under different ways to express emotions, and by the exchange of experiences, it is important to strengthen coping strategies. This intervention enables behavior change, converting the tension in relaxation and anxiety relief. Conclusion: The intervention in groups is an important resource to provide reflection about the experienced emotions, to enable these patients to comprehend that these emotions are part of them and must be recognized and externalized, providing a better understanding of the diagnostic, acceptance and adhesion to the treatment.

Introduction: Removal of the 3rd lower molars is nowadays a routine procedure in dentistry, but it is an action that can be damaged in the inferior alveolar (NAI) and lingual nerves, which are in association with the roots of the 3rd molars. Objective: To analyze causes, predisposing factors, symptomatology and treatment of NAI and Lingual paresthesia. Methodology: An integrative review was performed on the MEDLINE, LILACS and SCIELO databases, using the descriptors: Exodontia, Molares, Paresthesia. The inclusion criteria were: articles in Portuguese or English and published between 2013 and 2017. Result and Discussion: There were 637 articles related to the topic, 32 selected and 5 used as theoretical reference. Paresthesia is characterized by sensory loss of the affected nerve, resulting from iatrogenic injury or bacterial infections. The predisposing factors for this lesion range from the patient’s age, tooth root development, operator ability and teeth impaction. Weeks after surgery, the patient may report symptomatology related to NAI paresthesia as loss of lip sensitivity and on the affected side, altered sensitivity to cold, heat, pain, numbness, tingling and “pinching”. There may also be symptoms related to Lingual Nerve paresthesia as a burning sensation in the tongue, changes in taste and constant nibbling on the tongue. The treatment results from the regeneration of the injured nerve fibers. It usually does not require any iatrogenic intervention. However, it is used drugs (Cortisone and Vitamin B1), low intensity laser and microsurgeries for axonal regeneration. Conclusion: The frequency of 3rd molar extraction leads to a higher number of postoperative complications. Therefore, paraesthesia arises from lack of surgical planning, technical inability and incorrect instrumentation. Thus, detailed evaluations of complementary imaging (panoramic radiography and computed tomography) are of paramount importance, as well as prophylactic measures such as correct diagnosis, anatomical and technical knowledge of the professional, and adequate…

Introduction: When treating a diabetic patient, it is important to consider a number of factors, such as the patient’s blood glucose behavior and rate. Objectives: To approach as situations and behaviors of the dental surgeon towards the diabetic and to explain actions that will lead to success without patient care. Methodology: A bibliographic review was done in the virtual libraries SCIELO and PubMed, use the articles: “Diabetes and Dentistry” and “Conduct of diabetics in dentistry”. It was used as inclusion criteria for published articles from 2013 to 2017, in the Portuguese and English languages, which relate diabetes to dentistry and conduct of the dental surgeon. Results and Discussion: The survey resulted in 3,011 articles, 18 of which were separated by presenting a greater relation with the subject, but only five attendants to the inclusion criteria. The most common clinical sign in diabetic patients is hypoglycaemia, causing pallor, cold sweat, drowsiness, headache and others. In case of unconsciousness or dental surgeon, administer ampoule with 10 ml of 25% glucose solution intravenously. Hyperglycemic patients show signs and symptoms characteristic of metabolic ketoacidosis, such as the presence of a hetero-oesthetic should be referred to the doctor. The dentist should suspect undiagnosed cases, ask about polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss. If so, refer to laboratory tests and doctor. Controlled diabetics may be treated in a similar manner to the non-diabetic patient. Prioritize short appointments early in the morning after a meal. Normal diet is advised in the diet. An antibiotic prophylaxis for certain passages can be made. Oppose the blocking anesthesia, avoiding solutions with vasoconstrictor based on adrenaline, because we promote the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, causing hyperglycemia. Conclusion: The dental surgeon must know the systemic associations of diabetics in order to serve them more safely in all clinical procedures.

Introduction:Thoracic drainage aims to remove the collection of air or liquid accumulated in the pleural cavity. Although it is a relatively simple procedure, complications can occur due to little knowledge of respiratory physiology, the implementation technique of the drain, of care in maintaining the drainage system and his withdrawal. The appropriate management of thoracic drainage reduces the morbidity associated with the procedure. Knowing the complications related to the drain, their possible causes and how to prevent them, you can optimize the assistance. Objective: This article aims to discuss the nursing care and your importance since the insertion of the drain until your withdrawal. Methodology: It is an integrative review of literature, developed from published articles in databases Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online). Results and Discussion: 34 articles were found, in Portuguese and English languages. Of which 17 were available for reading. Of these, after selective reading, 7 relevant articles were selected, because it addressed specifically the theme. All articles addressed in nursing care related to the drain, with few theoretical subsidies and scientific evidence. Most articles highlighted in the elaboration of a protocol through the Systematization of Nursing Assistance (SAE) focused on this type of care. Nursing care involves the preoperative period up to the postoperative period. It includes guiding the patient, assisting the physician in the placement of the drain, performing post-surgical dressings, controlling the material circuit and clinical evaluation. Conclusion: The thorax tube requires some care mostly of nursing staff. In addition to performing routine care, the nursing should be attentive to changes in either the drainage pattern or the drain insertion site, since the nurse is the health professional in greater contact with the patient, being able to detect such alterations earlier.