Recent Articles

Introduction: Chronic Non-Progressive Encephalopathy, commonly known as cerebral palsy, is one of the most common childhood disorders, arising in early childhood. It is characterized by being a persistent disorder in several structures and functions (of tonus, posture and movement), causing a series of limitations regarding the accomplishment of functional activities. Objective: To report the experience of the practical activities of the compulsory supervised internship of speech therapy course in relation to the patient with Chronic Non-Progressive Encephalopathy. Methodology: During the supervised stage, actions were carried out for speech-language intervention in patients with CNPE, where was carried out anamnesis, evaluation, speech-language therapy, guidelines and, when necessary, the patients were referred to the other specialties according to the needs observed. During the speech-language evaluation process, the analysis of the development of language aspects, communicative skills, evaluation of the functions and structures of the stomatoglossognatic system and auditory perception through musical resources and sound instruments were made. The intervention occurred on a weekly basis, with half an hour of duration, being stimulated the aspects of the language and worked the orofacial myofunctional structures. Results: It was possible to observe that all the patients had enough communicative intention, development of language appropriate to the age group, however, they presented alterations in the stomatoglossognatic system with impairment of mobility, sensitivity and tonicity of the phonoarticulatory organs, emphasizing: orofacial hypotonia, with interference of the musculature for the complete absence of lip seal, protrusion and lateralization of the tongue and phonemic articulation. Discussion: Rehabilitation for speech-language disorders in individuals with Chronic Non-Progressive Encephalopathy will depend on the type and degree of overall motor impairment, comprehension and language aspects of each patient. Conclusion: It is necessary the speech-language and multidisciplinary intervention in an early, effective and humanized way, favoring the development of these skills and seeking to promote…

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for 50 to 70% of dementias in people over 65 years. It is a neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive disorder of memory and other psychological functions, affecting the social life of the patient. However, although it has been studied for years, the actual cause is not known as there is no single diagnosis for this disease and there is no specific standard for its treatment. Aim: To identify the pharmacological groups and drugs most used in the treatment of AD. Methods: Review of published researches from 2010 to 2017 in the Google Scholar, Scielo and Bireme databases, using the descriptors Alzheimer’s disease and Pharmacology. Results: In AD there is a formation of senile plaques produced by the undue accumulation of β-amyloid protein, promoting a neuronal degeneration. Therefore, the drugs of first choice for treatment are cholinesterase inhibitors and the most commonly used drugs are donezepil, galantamine and rivastigmine. Discussion: Donezepil causes improvement in cognitive function and stabilization of the patient’s functional capacity. Galantamine and rivastigmine inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and act directly on the presynaptic nicotinic receptors, causing an improvement in cognitive function, also in memory and mood. There are no significant differences in efficacy between the three most commonly used drugs and the side effects are few in both. Conclusion: Pharmacological treatment is capable of promoting the improvement of the cognitive symptoms of AD, not being able to cure or paralyze the degeneration of nerve cells, but allowing it to progress slowly. Therefore, there is a need for greater investment in research to discover new therapies, given that this disease is increasing.

Introduction: With the advancement of the need and inclusion characteristic of the 21st century, the teaching of the Brazilian Sign Language (Pounds) for health students has become increasingly essential in undergraduate studies. Therefore, in this experience experienced by us students who became monitors of Libras at the University of Pernambuco, we sought to expand the knowledge acquired in the perspective of expanding access and preparation of society to the bilingual model. Objective: To present the importance of learning in the field of Brazilian Sign Language (Pounds) by students and health professionals. Methodology: This is a descriptive study of the experience reported at the University of Pernambuco (UPE) through the extension action of the Auditory Ciranda Program, which offers the academic community 100-hour beginners’ pound courses, covering a number of campuses in the state of Pernambuco. The majority of the classes were presences, taking place classes on Saturdays and video-lessons of support. At the end of the course there was an evaluation to analyze the knowledge. Results and Discussion: In 2015 there were 1250 students enrolled in two classes that concluded in June 2017. Students approved in the course with grades above 8.0 enrolled to be monitors of the following classes. In total, 126 monitors favored greater assistance, approximation and coverage to the students in the next class. As well as, the pounds constitutes the optional curricular discipline in the other courses of higher education and professional education. Conclusion: Learning the Brazilian Language of Signals (Pounds) becomes essential for the formation of inclusive professionals. It is fundamental that every health professional know, dialogue, be bilingual in Libras so that communication occurs with empathy and mutual respect between deaf and hearing, generating a positive and reliable relationship between professional and patient.

Introduction: Head and neck neoplasia is the sixth most common cancer in the world and can manifest in several areas of the head (mouth), scalp, skin of the face and neck. The treatment of choice is defined according to the histopathological type, topographic location, relation with neighboring anatomical structures, staging, general clinical condition of the individual affected by the disease and medical-hospital conditions, ranging from surgery, radiotherapy and uni or multimodal chemotherapy. Despite the various therapeutic possibilities for head and neck cancer, all treatments bring with them side effects, immediate and / or late repercussions that may compromise the function and buco-maxillofacial aesthetics and, consequently, the individual’s quality of life. Objectives: To identify side effects and immediate and late oral repercussions arising from antineoplastic therapy in the head and neck region. Methodology: Literature review based on published articles available on the internet, in the database systems: Medlars on line International Literature (Medline), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs) and Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry (BBO) present on the website of the Virtual Health Library (VHL). Results and Discussion: The literature is unanimous in indicating the most frequently observed complications in this group of patients: mucositis, opportunistic infections, radiodermatitis, hyposalivation, xerostomia, radiation caries, dysphagia, ageusia, trismus, soft tissue necrosis and osteoradionecrosis. In addition to the morbidity associated with cancer, its treatment also produces numerous side effects, several of which are oral manifestations with immediate and / or late repercussions, and may present more markedly in patients with precarious oral health conditions and lack of dental care. Conclusion: It is imperative to seek the prevention and early diagnosis of these tumors, in order to avoid death and mutilation, which compromise the patient’s quality of life, as well as provide timely dental care.

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic, neglected and stigmatizing infection of compulsory notification. Caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects the peripheral nerves and organs in the severe form of the disease, its transmission occurs by upper airway but can be cutaneous. The symptoms are white or reddish spots with no local sensitivity. It is incapacitating, due to the sequelae in the upper and lower limbs besides it suffers prejudice from society in general. In this perspective it is important to understand the role of nurses in the care of leprosy patients. Methodology: The present study consists of an integrative review of literature, in the databases SCIELO, CAPES, BIREME, LILACS and REPOSITORIES, between the years of 2000 to 2016. Objective: To ascertain the nurse’s assistance to the leprosy patient and analyze how the National Program Of Humanization (PNH) backs you. Results and Discussion: According to the PNH humanize the assistance to the leprosy holder means: it acts from clinical, ethical and political guidelines, which translate into certain working arrangements. Nurses’ attribution Understand the leprosy patient as a biopsychosocial being, with his individuality and subjectivity, treating him with attention and deference. Within a humanistic view it is the duty of nurses to perform interventions in the care process, using techniques and care when attending the patient, but the challenge proposed by the HNP is to welcome this patient to listen to him, share the moments, learn from the situation, be Coherent, smiling, make the consultation harmonious, not label, and responds promptly. Conclusion: The use of HNP guidelines by the nurse is of paramount importance in welcoming and fostering patients’ understanding of the disease, reducing cases of treatment abandonment, improving patient health and reducing social stigmas.

Introduction: Hypertension (AH) is a chronic no communicable disease (NCD), defined as systolic pressure repeatedly greater than 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher, develops slowly and gradually. Currently there has been a gradual increase in cases of hypertension among children and adolescents, where cases have been registered at an earlier age, becoming a problem that has attracted the concern of health professionals. Methodology: The present study consists of an integrative review of the literature, in the databases: CAPES, LILACS, SCIELO, between the years of: 2000 to 2016. To analyze the risk factors associated with the increase in the incidence of hypertension in adolescents from Pernambuco. Results and Discussion: According to the literature, 17.3% of hypertension cases in Pernambuco are recorded in adolescents and children. Among the factors that are associated with the increasing rate of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescent Pernambucans is obesity, which is a reflection of the economic, social, and demographic changes resulting from the growing industrialization. The passage between childhood and adolescence is a period of biopsychosocial transformations in which lifestyle and patterns of eating and physical activity are being structured. These factors make possible the development of hypertension: obesity, reduction of physical activity, alcohol and tobacco use, stress are conditions of probability for the development of hypertension among young people and has been consolidating as a serious health problem Public. Conclusion: The actions of control of risk factors for arterial hypertension is of paramount importance the early detection of important blood pressure changes and the promotion of changes of habit that can favor improvements in health and quality of life, being the school space a promotion environment Of healthy lifestyle.

Introduction: Some Primary Health Care (PHC) experiences have been incipiently instituted since the beginning of the 20th century, but, considering oral cancer, this form of early intervention in the natural history of the disease needs to be valued and performed. smoking, alcoholism and sun exposure, or associated with it, act as preventable risk factors, even with the participation of viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV), nutritional deficiencies, immunological deficiencies and genetic alterations that contribute to the development of cancer. Objective: Popularization and diffusion of technical-scientific knowledge in order to combat oral cancer, prevention and early diagnosis. Methodology: Through the University, the interrelation of teaching, research, extension and assistance is experienced, favoring the formation of health professionals who are more conscious, supportive and citizens, in view of the philosophy of development of the culture of prevention and diagnosis early diagnosis of oral cancer. Educational / preventive / diagnostic activities are routinely developed at the request of both the population and the health services. Results and Discussion: Knowledge, a basic tool for prevention, has been constructed / shared among the population, students and health and education professionals, since humanized learning produces shared benefits and the development of the Program to Combat Cancer of the Mouth – activity of extension of the UPE, which has already collaborated with the training of 13,000 PHC professionals, reinforces the possibility of inter-transmultidisciplinary action as a transforming agent capable of modifying the epidemiological profile of the disease, strongly associated with external factors – habits and lifestyle of the population. Conclusion: PHC can contribute through education, access and greater effectiveness of health services, it is possible to provide better conditions for prevention, early diagnosis and reduction of disabilities and deaths.

Introduction: The term sickle cell disease encompasses a group of hereditary hemolytic anemias that have in common the presence of hemoglobin S within the red blood cell. In this group, anemia-falciform (AF) is highlighted, which presents clinical, hematological, genetic, anthropological and epidemiological importance, due to its high morbidity and mortality, which is considered a public health problem. It is chronic, incurable and usually causes a high degree of suffering to their patients, and life expectancy in average of 40 years. Decentralized, multidisciplinary, humanized quality care with emphasis on self-care can modify the natural history of the disease reducing its morbidity and mortality. In this context, Orem’s Nursing Systems Theory describes self-care as the practice of activities that people perform for their own benefit, in the sense of maintaining life, health and well-being, and the nurse is the professional which will enable this individual to be an agent capable of self-care. Objective: To understand the perception of patients with AF on self-care. Methodology: Descriptive study of a qualitative approach, approved by CEP-HEMOPE under CAAE 65281117.0.0000.5195. The method used was the recording of six interviews performed with patients with PA treated at the HEMOPE hospital in May 2016. The sample was determined by saturation of the speeches. In the evaluation the technique of content analysis of Bardin was used. Results and Discussion: 1. Characterization of the sample, 2. Content analysis: Theme 1. The importance of caring, Theme 2. Knowledge about care. Conclusion: We conclude that it is indispensable to health education by the nurse for self-care of these patients, in order to allow the empowerment of its client on the clinical and therapeutic aspects of the disease favoring the quality of life and longevity, stimulating the practice of the right of citizenship.

In vitro micropropagation is now used in the production of healthy and homogenous pineapple planting materials. In order to increase the in vitro proliferation of pineapple, the synergetic effect of adenine sulphate (AdS) and benzylaminopurine (BAP) in presence or not of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was evaluated. Median axillary buds of crowns bursted 6 to 8 weeks old were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with BAP (0, 1 and 2 mg/l), NAA (0 and 0.5 mg/l) with or without AdS (40 mg/l). Five buds per treatment with four replicates were used. The addition of BAP to the medium stimulated regeneration (65 to 82%) and multiplication (3.04 to 6.13 plantlets/explant) which were further enhanced by the addition of NAA (98%; 6.42 plantlets/explant). AdS highly stimulated proliferation in presence of 2 mg/l BAP and NAA (14.96 plantlets/explant), plantlet mass (1.143g) but limited plantlet growth in height which was more induced in the absence of regulators (4.88 cm) and with AdS alone (5.63 cm). Thus, BAP is necessary for the proliferation of pineapple and the addition of 0.5 mg/l NAA to 2 mg/l BAP and 40 mg/l AdS optimizes the multiplication and growth parameters of pineapple plantlets. These results allow the mass propagation of pineapple’s homogeneous healthy planting materials.