Recent Articles

Physicists measured the propagation of light in vacuum and matter through experiments with light over the course of several centuries. The Laws of Optics were derived from these measured results. The Laws of Optics were verified repeatedly via real experiments with light and used in the calculations of optical instruments that work properly. The Laws of Optics accurately define the propagation of light in vacuum and matter. All the theories of the propagation of light that ignore the Laws of Optics can, therefore, be considered an error in physics. The theories and laws of propagation of light in matter were written by famous physicists, such as Isaac Newton (1670), Christiaan Huygens (1650), Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1819), and Thomas Young (1800). The law of propagation of light in matter was described by Snell in 1620. Snell’s law is the law of the light refractive index in matter. Optical instruments are calculated according to the Laws of Optics, so by their correct operation they confirm the validity of the Laws of Optics. Two hundred years ago, André-Marie Ampére expressed the basic approach in discovering the laws of physics: “First observe the facts, to vary their circumstances as much as possible, to accompany this first task with exact measurement so as to deduce from them the general laws based solely upon experience, and to deduce from these laws, independently of any hypothesis on the nature of the forces that produce the phenomena, the mathematical value of these forces”. This approach to the measurement of the light propagation is now used in all the laboratories around the world and, therefore, can be considered as objective and accurate.

Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid used for the treatment and prevention of gout, and more recently for the treatment of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). It has a narrow therapeutic index, with no clear- cut distinction between nontoxic , toxic and lethal doses. Colchicine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after ingestion, In patients with pre exciting renal and hepatic impairment the possibility of toxicity greatly increases.The clinical course of acute colchicine overdose is divided into three sequential and usually overlapping phases. The first phase is gastrointestinal and the second phase is multi organ failure and death will occur in this phase, the third phase is the recovery stage typically occurs after weeks. We present 38 years old patient who presented to our hospital Accident and Emergency after 8 hours of ingestion of 40 tablets of colchicine. Patient was complaining of nausea and vomiting with repeated watery diarrhea. After 24 hours, Patient was diaphoretic , orthopenic and tachycardic , fluid resuscitation was ongoing , but as patient hemodynamic was unstable requiring vasopressor support patient was shifted to ICU.As the patient had worsening lactic acidosis and acute kidney injury, elective intubation was done and patient was mechanically ventilated. During this stage patient was in multi organ failure (cardiogenic shock, coagulopathy, acute kidney injury, pancytopenia and electrolyte disturbance). After 10 days Patient was tracheostomized due to prolonged intubation , then gradually weaned from mechanically ventilation , pancytopenia resolved with rebound leukocytosis but with delayed in recovery of kidneys so CRRT was continued till renal recovery that was achieved after 3 weeks , Successfully the patient had his tracheostomy tube de-cannulated and discharged after full recovery.

The green tea polysaccharide was extracted from leaves of Camellia sinensis and hydrolyzed with enzyme. Skin moisturization effect of green tea polysaccharide was studied with 2D- PAGE analysis of epidermal hydration factors. Among up-regulated proteins extracted from Hacat cell treated with Green tea polysaccharide on 2DE gel, 5 aquaporins were observed. Among them the aquaporin 5 and 8 were increased 3.4 and 5.3 times respectively. The green tea polysaccharide was found to be effective for skin moisturization by enhanced expression of aquaporins.

The review article focus on Gangrene and its associated amputations are clinically challenging, but Homoeopathy offers therapy options. In this case are presented, in which the homoeopathic treatment prevented amputation of a body part. Homoeopathy stimulates the body’s ability to heal through its immune mechanisms; consequently, it achieves wound healing and establishes circulation to the gangrenous part. Instead of focusing on the local phenomena of gangrene pathology, treatment focuses on the general indications of the immune system, stressing the important role of the immune system as a whole. The aim was to show, through case reports, that homoeopathic therapy can treat gangrene without amputing the gangrenous part, and hence has a strong substitution for consideration in treating gangrene.

In Ethiopia where the livelihood of the people is highly dependent on agriculture improving the production and productivity of wheat will be one of the important agenda for the agricultural sector. The national average of wheat in the country, which is 14 Qt/ha, is 24%, is still below the average of South Africa yield and 48% below that of the world’s (FAO, 2004). Demonstration on farmers’ fields at Jama and Meket districts in 2014 cropping season showed that the improved variety sora had a better yield advantage over warkaye, Tossa and local with a better resistance to yellow rust. Having this pre scaling up of bread wheat variety sora with it full package had been started at Meket and wadla districts of north wollo zone, Amhara region. A total of 15 Qt seed had been provided for 25 farmers on 10 ha of land. Two clusters have been organized at the respective districts. 295 qt of seed had been produced and promoted for local seed system on established seed producer cooperatives. Farmers and development agents had invited to visit clustered farms through inviting on field days and experience had been shared. Thus further scaling up and out should be carried out on the study areas and similar agro ecological zones. Capacity building and continuous follow up should be done for the established cooperatives for sustaining seed production.