“But you are a woman. You do not count.” Does The Woman Count? A Study of Chimanande Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus
In many parts of Africa and in Nigerian in particular cultural obligations continues to traumatize the woman in many ways thus seeking to cripple her economically and to overpower her psychologically in spite of the woman’s self-actualization. This paper set out to re-assess Papa Nnukwu’s utterance to Aunty Ifeoma: “But you are a woman. You do not count,” in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus. Irrespective of Aunty Ifeoma’s selfless sacrifice to Papa Nnukwu as against Eugene’s total neglect of him, Papa Nnukwu still privileges father/son relationship which guarantees the transmission of patriarchal powers, its laws, its discourses and its social structures. The paper examined the topic using the feminist theory with particular reference to African Feminism. The paper re-affirmed the relevance of the woman within the family and society, and summarizes that the woman is indispensable in parenting which involves: nurturing, caring, and inculcating religions, moral values and discipline in the child. As a womanist Aunty Ifeoma shouldered the responsibility of the family morally, economically and psychologically. Unlike the uncompromising Eugene, Aunty Ifeoma negotiated with her family members for harmonious co-existence without over-looking discipline. She was also the sole sustenance of Papa Nnukwu in his life and in his death. As an individual she was highly educated, and as an accommodationist she communally bonded positively with the advantaged and the disadvantaged in society. The paper is of the opinion that the utterance of Papa Nnukwu was as obsolete as Papa himself who clanged to an archaic religion without followers. From the forgoing the woman is indispensable to the development of both man and society she is the nurturer, caretaker and cultural transmitter and these roles are not insignificant or are they signs of powerlessness as envisaged by patriarchy.
Contradictions in Christianity
The traditional Christianity shows itself full of contradictions when we casually look into it. Is it itself cracked to begin with? Upon reflection, we realize that its contradictions actually show how much beyond all our human wits and logic the Beyond-all is. This realization clues us into looking again, and Christianity then reveals itself with many levels of depths of love and justice in God our Creator. This paper instantiates some of these stunning revelations unnoticed before.
Medicinal plant used in the treatment of dengue fever-an overview
Dengue is an infectious diseases, it is caused by virus. It is transmitted by a mosquito of Aedes aegypti. Dengue produced in our body high fever, headache, joint pain and skin rashes. Allopathic system of medicine is not having the potential remedy for dengue fever. In ayurvedic system only cure the dengue fever, for example of papaya leaves, fenugreek, kiwi and wheatgrass etc., Without unwanted effect dengue is cure by this herbs.
Determination of pantoprazole in pharmaceutical preparations by linear sweep, square wave and differential pulse voltammetric methods
In this study, simple, fast and reliable cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods were developed and validated for determination of pantoprazole in pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed methods were based on electrochemical oxidation of pantoprazole at platinum electrode in acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 M LiCIO4. The well-defined oxidation peak was observed at 1.17 V. The calibration curves were linear for pantoprazole at the concentration range of 5-50 µg/mL for LSV, SWV and DPV methods, respectively. Intra- and inter-day precision values for pantoprazole were less than 4.78, and accuracy (relative error) was better than 2.00%. The mean recovery of pantoprazole was 99.9% for pharmaceutical preparations. No interference was found from three tablet excipients at the selected assay conditions. Developed methods in this study are accurate, precise and can be easily applied to Protonex, Pandev and Panref tablets as pharmaceutical preparation.
Solution Phase growth of Tin Oxide (SnO2) Nanostructures under Controlled Synthesis Conditions
Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanostructures have been synthesized successfully via solution phase growth technique. Effect of reaction temperature, time and surfactant on morphology, size and bandgap of nanomaterials has been studied. The rods, flowers and spheres like morphologies of SnO2 have been observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Structural analysis of synthesized SnO2 has been carried out by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD peaks revealed the tetragonal structure of SnO2 nanocrystals. The increase in grain size was observed with increase in reaction time and reaction temperature of synthesis process. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been employed to study the vibrational modes. Optical properties of the SnO2 nanostructures have also been studied by UV-vis spectroscopy. The energy bandgap of the as prepared SnO2 nanocrystals was estimated between 3.76 eV and 4.05 eV. It has been observed that the bandgap of the synthesized SnO2 samples decreased with increase in particle size. This phenomenon can be attributed to the quantum confinement effect at smaller particle size.
From Micro- to Satellite Gravity: Understanding the Earth
The main physical principle of gravity method application is the difference in densities between the various geological, environmental, archaeological and other targets and host media. Gravity is one of the oldest geophysical methods and it is widely applied for knowledge of subsurface and deep Earth’s domains. The present review displays multiscale examples of gravity field examination: from very detailed (delineation of karst terranes and archaeological targets) to regional investigations (development of 3D physical-geological models and satellite data examination of giant regions). Geographically the examined areas include the South Caucasus, the Dead Sea region, the Eastern Mediterranean and the Arabian-African region. Diverse methodologies of the gravity data processing, qualitative and quantitative interpretation, and results of 3D gravity field modeling are shown. It is demonstrated that integration of gravity field analysis with other geophysical methods (magnetic, paleomagnetic, thermal, seismic, etc.) significantly increases accuracy and reliability of developed physical-geological models. The further ways of evaluation of gravity data analysis are considered.
