Incidental finding of a recurrent Bockdalek hernia with an intra-thoracic kidney

Incidental finding of a recurrent Bockdalek hernia with an intra-thoracic kidney

Yasir Hasan¹, Su Kah Goh¹, Russell Hodgson^1,2

¹Division of Surgery, The Northern Hospital, Epping, Victoria, Australia; ² Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Epping, Victoria, Australia

Bockdalek hernia is a rare type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia which was firstly described by Vincent Alexander Bockdalek in 1848.^[1] The hernia sac is more commonly located on the left due to protection of the right side of the diaphragm by the liver, and contents can include spleen, small bowel, liver, colon or kidney.[1] Bockdalek hernia with intra-thoracic kidney is extremely rare and the reported incidence is less than 0.25%.^[2] During embryogenesis the developing kidney which is located in the pelvis migrates upwards to fuse with the adrenal glands. Sometimes, this upward migration of the developing kidney does not stop at its designated point and thus the kidney reaches into the thorax. ^[3] Treatment options for Bockdalek hernia may include open or laparoscopic surgical repair, which involve the reduction of the herniated organs and closure of diaphragmatic defect with or without prosthetic mesh.^[4]
Herein we report a rare case of recurrent Bockdalek hernia including an intra-thoracic left kidney in a 59 year old lady with a past history of a Bockdalek hernia that was repaired at the age of 3, who presented to our hospital with severe lower abdominal pain and vomiting.

Keywords: Adult Bockdalek Hernia, Recurrent Bockdalek Hernia with intra-thoracic kidney

Free Full-text PDF

How to cite this article:

Yasir Hasan, Su Kah Goh, Russell Hodgson. Incidental finding of a recurrent Bockdalek hernia with an intra-thoracic kidney. International Journal of Case Reports, 2022, 6:272. DOI: 10.28933/ijcr-2022-03-2905

References:

1. Hamid KS, Rai SS, Rodriguez JA. Symptomatic Bochdalek hernia in an adult. JSLS. 2010;14(2):279-81.
2. Fiaschetti V, Velari L, Gaspari E, et al. Adult Intra-Thoracic Kidney: A Case Report of Bochdalek Hernia. Case Reports in Medicine. 2010;2010:975168.
3. Shah AD, Ajay S, Adalia M, Rathi A. Bochdalek hernia with intrathoracic kidney. Lung India 2012;29:373-5.
4. Pindoria N, Makanjuola J, Botha A, et al. “What Goes Up Must Come Down”: Laparoscopic Retrieval of a Migrated Intrathoracic Kidney and Repair of Recurrent Symptomatic Diaphragmatic Hernia. Journal of Endourology Case Reports. 2018;4(1):129-32.
5. Toda M, Yamamoto A, Iwata T. Right-sided Bochdalek hernia containing retroperitoneal fat in the elderly: report of a case. Surgical Case Reports. 2019;5(1):81.
6. Machado NO. Laparoscopic Repair of Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Hernia in Adults. N Am J Med Sci. 2016;8(2):65-74.
7. Sarac M, Bakal U, Tartar T, et al. Bochdalek hernia and intrathoracic ectopic kidney: Presentation of two case reports and review of the literature. Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2018;21(5):681-6.
8. Peng X-X, Cheng S-A, Liang Q-L, et al. Bilateral thoracic kidneys combined with inferior vena cava located behind the anterior abdominal wall: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases. 2018;6(13):666-70.
9. Lirici MM, Bongarzoni V, Paolantonio P, et al. Minimally invasive management of rare giant Bochdalek hernia in adults. Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies. 2020;29(5):304-9.
10. Murphy JJ, Altit G, Zerhouni S. The intrathoracic kidney: should we fix it? Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2012;47(5):970-3.
11. Chen B, Finnerty BM, Schamberg NJ, et al. Transabdominal robotic repair of a congenital right diaphragmatic hernia containing an intrathoracic kidney: a case report. Journal of Robotic Surgery. 2015;9(4):357-60.
12. Kumar N, Gupta A, Rajput D. Bochdalek hernia in an adult female with intrathoracic left kidney and splenic flexure of the colon: a rare case report with literature review. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2020;92:60-3.