Pesticides: The Negative Effects, Driving Factors and Management Strategies in Agriculture

Pesticides are widely used compounds against pest in agriculture. Although chemical pesticides had made a great contribution to the fight against pests and diseases, nowadays, their indiscriminate use are posing serious ecological consequences. The present review highlights the side effect, accelerating factors, and management strategies of pesticide use on environmental constituents. Pesticides cause serious hazards to agricultural environment and human health as a lot of them and their derivatives remain in the environmental system for a considerable period. Most of them have adverse effects on soil and soil microbes, beneficial organisms and species diversity, fresh water community, water quality and air ecosystem, human health, and sustainable pest management. Moreover, pesticides cause imbalance of biodiversity which directly affects agricultural productivity and/or crop yield. On the other hand, increasing world population, repeated use of persistent and non-biodegradable pesticides, and lack of judicious pesticide usage, weak linkage among stock holders and weak pesticide governance are among factors which contribute in acceleration of ecological impact of pesticides. Hence, proper utilization or effective management of pesticides is compulsory to protect our environment and eventually health hazards associated with it. Adoption of alternative pest control options like integrated pest management, appropriate agronomic practices, resistant/tolerant varieties, bio-control, natural substances, and safe application of minimal toxic synthetic pesticides as a last resort are key measures to mitigate the risk. Likewise, there is a need for more awareness rising among farmers, distributors, industry, policymakers, and other stakeholders in the judicious and discriminate use of pesticides which is critical to reducing the side effects on humans and the environment. Furthermore, activities that increase environmental awareness and safety of pesticides should be initiated by the agrochemical firms and governments.

Keywords: Agriculture, environmental impact, Agro-pesticide, risk management

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How to cite this article:
Megersa Kebede, Jara Regasa. .Pesticides: The Negative Effects, Driving Factors and Management Strategies in Agriculture. Scientific Research and Reviews, 2022, 15:129. DOI: 10.28933/srr-2022-01-1805

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