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Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder represented by a set of cardiovascular risk factors that are directly related to the patient’s eating style and physical activity, and has long been associated with insulin resistance. All proposed diagnostic criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) take into account abdominal obesity. Several guidelines to define SM have been proposed over the years, the most accepted ones currently being the WHO and NCEP. Objective: To describe the laboratory parameters used to determine the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). Methodology: The present work consists of a literature review, with articles extracted from the electronic data bases Scielo, Pubmed and Lilacs, where only articles published between 2012 and 2017 were accepted. Results and discussion: The diagnosis of MS occurs when three of the five required criteria are present: large amounts of abdominal fat (men with waist measuring more than 102cm and women over 88cm); low HDL (men below 40mg / dl and in women below 50mg / dl); high triglycerides (150mg / dl or higher, for both men and women); high blood pressure (135/85 mmHg or higher or if you are using any medicine to reduce pressure); (100mg / dl or higher for both sexes). Some additional metabolic criteria may be: atherogenic dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, prothrombotic state, among others. Conclusion: The diagnosis of the Metabolic Syndrome takes into account the clinical characteristics and laboratory data which provide an accurate assessment of the physiological state of the patient. However, it is necessary to establish new parameters more specific for its diagnosis, since some of these already existent, such as triglycerides, can affect others in the case of LDL-c, causing a misdiagnosis.

Introduction: The Progressive Spinal Amyotrophy is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease characterized by the spinal cord motoneurons degeneration, as the type I the most severe. PURPOSE: To describe a physical therapy treatment in a child with type I Progressive Spinal Amyotrophy. Methodology: Descriptive study of a case report of a patient with Progressive Spinal Amyotrophy in physical treatment at the Hospital Santo Antônio Maria Zaccaria in Bragança, Pará. The data was collected from the medical records and the by caregiver. Results and Discussion: M.C.O.P, 6 years old girl, presents Progressive Spinal Amyotrophy type I, excellent cognition, wheelchair user, presents quadriparesis with little trunk control, degree of muscle strength between 1 and 2 at the Oxford scale, ligament laxity, contractures, thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, reduction of range of motion in lower limbs, ineffective cough and Forced Vital Spirometry of 800ml (54%). The child receives multiprofessional treatment with an Orthopedist; Pneumologist; Cardiologist; Child Neurologist and Physical Therapist since she was 2 years old. Her actual physical therapy treatment protocol consists of: active-assisted kinesiotherapy for the limbs, cervical spine and abdomen (2 sets of 10 repetitions), trunk stabilization exercises (2 sets of 1 minute), and pulmonary re-expansion with Infant Voldyne (3 sets of 5 repetitions), 3 times a week. Studies demonstrate the importance of a multidisciplinary treatment in children with muscular atrophy, highlighting the physical therapy in the disease delay, quality of life and survival. As is observed in the present study, the multidisciplinary treatment has increased the lifetime of the child, because children with this disease normally have as 2 ou 3 years, instead of the patient, that are 6 years old. Conclusion: The physical therapy treatment goal in patients with Progressive Spinal Amyotrophy is to avoid early complications through prophylactic management of disfunctions, therefore increasing lifetime and quality of life in the patients.

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It has eminent persistence in Brazil, which occupies the second place in the ranking with the highest number of new cases in the world. The upper airways are the main entrance and exit port for the bacillus, and the transmission occurs in close and prolonged contact with the carrier. Objective: To describe the prevalence data in new cases of leprosy in the years 2013 to 2015 by sample of municipalities of the State of Pernambuco with more than 100 new cases. Methodology: It is a study in secondary databases, through the Basic Data indicators of Brazil, a tool integral to the health information system, using quantitative analysis of variables. Results: Jaboatão dos Guararapes and Petrolina are municipalities that presented a significant increase in the number of new cases, contrasting the values from 2013 to 2015, with 256 and 283 respectively. On the other hand, Olinda and Recife in the same period, presented an expressive decrease, in which Olinda in 2013 obtained 225 new cases; in 2015, the number of new cases was 207. Recife was the municipality that presented the most expressive results of reduction of cases: from 603 new cases in 2013 to 484 new cases in 2015. Discussion: Although some municipalities present a reduction in new cases, in general it can be said that there were significant increases in the number of new cases when all counties. Conclusion: The analysis of these data show the need to reorganize on the deficiencies present in the programs and policies related to leprosy, as disregard the growing increases in new cases over the years is to allow the spread of a disease that can lead the individual to severe disability.

Introduction: Information is a fundamental element in the analysis of health situations, because they offer subsidies for the planning and organization of services. At the end of 2015 new cases of children born with microcephaly associated with Zika Virus infection were registered. These children were introduced into the network of attention to the disabled person for early stimulation and developmental follow-up. It is hoped that the record of the attention given to these children will be correctly made in the medical records, which are the formal instruments of the interventions made by the professionals. Objectives: To describe the quality of records made of medical records of children diagnosed with microcephaly accompanied at a level III Specialized Rehabilitation Center in the state of Alagoas. Method: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional research, where the records of the secondary data were analyzed in medical records of children diagnosed with microcephaly, accompanied at a specialties center. It were monitored the filling of related variables: age, gender, cephalic perimeter (CP) and Neonatal Screening Tests (NSTs); The origin and infections related to the gestational period of the mothers of these children. Results: A total of 30 medical records were evaluated, where they presented fragility in the filling, being the variables related to origin and sociodemographic aspects the most precarious. Discussion: It was verified the absence of exams recommended by the Ministry of Health, the records of the conducts were not clearly described, besides the absence of a standardized evaluation form. Conclusion: It can be evidenced that there is precariousness in the filling of documents that characterize the monitoring of children with microcephaly in a specialized rehabilitation center, preventing the delineation of the sociodemographic profile of the users, as well as the correct mapping of the origin of the cases. This lack of data limits correct…

Over tOver the past 50 years, the role of pharmacists has evolved along with the health care needs of our population. In addition to dispensing medications and ensuring patient safety, today’s pharmacists are taking a larger role as medical counselors, educators and advocates. They are integral part of the health care team, and are among the most trusted and accessible health care professionals. This accessibility allows them to perform more patient care activities, including counseling, medication management, and preventive care screenings. Beyond the care provided to individual patients, pharmacists have expanded their reach to influence the public health of communities. A pharmacist is uniquely positioned to provide disease state management through appropriate medication therapy management that has been demonstrated to improve patient outcomes and decrease overall health care costs. This role is more important than ever as the environment is demanding new practice and payment models that are required to further optimize care and outcomes while addressing the unsustainable increases in health care costs.

Introduction: Brazilian flora has a great biodiversity and some of these plants are used in folk medicine. Avicennia schaueriana, popularly known as black mangrove, is an endemic specie of mangrove vegetation belonging to the Acanthaceae family. The species of the genus Avicennia are widely used by traditional communities for the treatment of tumors, rheumatism, ulcers and wound healing. Objectives: To evaluate the antioxidant and gastroprotective properties of the ethyl acetate extract of Avicennia schaueriana. Methodology: The ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of A. schaueriana (As-AcEOt) was obtained by maceration, and afterwards the phytochemical prospecting was evaluated by thin layer chromatography (TCL). The antioxidant potential of the As-AcEOt was evaluated by free radical scavenging method ABTS+ (2,2-azobis – (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate). The gastroprotective activity of As-AcEOt (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) was analyzed by the ethanol-induced ulcer method in Wistar rats. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and histopathological analysis were evaluated in gastric mucosa of the animals treated with As-AcEOt submitted to the model of ulcer induced by ethanol. Results and Discussion: Through TCL was observed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins in the extract. The As-AcEOt exhibited antioxidant activity with 73.23% inhibition of the radical ABTS+. In the gastroprotective activity, the As-AcEOt reduced the ulcerative lesion index (ULI), with percentages of ULI of 83.8, 88.5 and 86.9% for the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The histological analysis showed that As-AcEOt preserved the gastric pits and it did not present hemorrhage and edema. Conclusion: This research showed that As-AcEOt has gastroprotective property, which may be related to antioxidant capacity of the phenolic compounds present in the extract. These results corroborate with the indication of popular use of this species in the treatment of gastric ulcers.

Introduction: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is classified as progressive neurodegenerative and represents one of the main causes of dementia in the elderly. Its symptomatology is characterized by loss of memory, neuronal destruction and reduction of brain volume. The literature reports a series of metabolic and immunological changes that contribute to the progression of the disease. Objective: To carry out a review of the literature on metabolic and immunological modifications present in Alzheimer’s Disease. Methodology: 34 articles, published between 2008 and 2017, were pre-selected in the SciELO database, using the descriptors: Inflammation + Alzheimer’s Disease; Hypotheses + Alzheimer + Etiology; Alzheimer’s Disease + Lymphocytes; Metabolism + Alzheimer’s. After analysis of the abstracts, 4 articles were analyzed in full. Results and Discussion: The following metabolic alterations were observed in patients with AD: folic acid reduction, arginine reduction and increase of calcium influx to cell. Serum folic acid concentration is reduced in AD patients compared to healthy elderly individuals and has an inverse relationship with the amino acid homocysteine, which can cause apoptosis and increased oxidative stress, leading to cognitive damages that characterize the progression of the disease. Changes in NMDA receptors have also been observed, so glutamate is not reuptake and accumulates in the extracellular environment causing toxicity. In addition, as a consequence, there is a high influx of calcium leading to toxicity and apoptosis of neuronal cells. In relation to the immunological alterations, were found reduction of lymphocytes, increase of interleukin and increase of microglia, which in high quantity produce neurotoxins that contribute to the neuropathogenic mechanism of AD. In relation to the level of arginine, the amino acid involved with the energetic process, it was observed that some cells of the immune system consume it abnormally, resulting in the energy decrease and slowness of metabolism, characteristic of AD. Conclusion: Metabolic and…

Introduction: Lectins are a class of proteins extracted from the seeds of Canavalia brasiliensis (Lectin ConBr). Its anti-neoplastic activity has been studied in experimental models. Aim: To evaluate the neuropsychomotor effect of Lectin ConBr in vivo in murine. Methods: Thirty Swiss mice were divided into three groups: GCcontrol (n = 10) administered saline solution; G1experimental (n = 10) 50mg/kg and G2experimental (n = 10) 300mg/kg of Lectin ConBr. The neuropsychomotor analysis was performed by The Open Field Test, 4 and 24 hours after treatment. The statistic was performed by Student’s t-test. Results and Discussion: In the CG, the results obtained after 4h were: ambulation 55.4 ± 16.8; self-cleaning 4.8 ± 1.3; lifting 21.5 ± 3.41 and defecation 0.6 ± 0.5. G1: ambulation 43.4 ± 29.11; self-cleaning 3.4 ± 1.6; lifting 8.0 ± 8.1 and defecation 0.2 ± 0.44. G2: ambulation 63.0 ± 14.58; self-cleaning 1.0 ± 0.7; lifting 12.8 ± 3.1 and defecation 0.2 ± 0.44. The results obtained after 24 hours were: GC: ambulation 62.2 ± 27.9; self-cleaning 2.6 ± 1.5; lifting 15.3 ± 5.8 and defecation 1.4 ± 0.5. G1: ambulation 32.0 ± 15.7; self-cleaning 1.8 ± 1.7; lifting 6.0 ± 6.0; defecation 0.6 ± 0.5. G2: ambulation 62.0 ± 30.1; self-cleaning 0.6 ± 0.5; lifting 16.8 ± 7.3 and defecation 0.4 ± 0.5*. ConBr did not alter the spontaneous movement of the mice after 4 hours, however, the self-cleaning act and the total number of lifting in the treated groups decreased. After 24 hours, it was observed that self-cleaning decreased at the dose of 300mg/kg, lifting was decreased at a dose of 50mg/kg and the number of fecal cakes was decreased at all doses, suggesting anxiolytic action without motor impairment. Conclusion: The results indicate an anxiolytic effect of ConBr on treated animals when compared to the control…

Introduction: Cervical cancer is considered a serious public health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries. The causal factor of the disease is infection of the vaginal mucosa by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV consists of more than 130 genotypes, the genotypes of higher prevalence in histopathological diagnoses are subtypes 16 and 18. Currently diagnostic techniques such as pap smears and HPV test do not cover viral subtypes, important for identifying the presence of the high-risk genotypes in the sample, stopping the progression to cervical cancer. Genotyping consists of the secondary screening method for identification of viral subtypes, bringing promising prospects for the early diagnosis of the disease. Objective: To evaluate genotyping as an alternative for the early identification of the high risk HPV genotype as a possibility for the prevention of cervical cancer. Methodology: Electronic data platforms (MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus) were consulted from 2012 to 2016, using the descriptors: “cervical cancer”, “HPV” and “genotyping”. Results and Discussion: With the applications of genotyping, it is possible to detect elements that indicate the presence of high-risk HPV subtypes in the positive samples in the initial screening techniques. Through the detection of the p16 and ki-67 proteins, which are expressed in the stages of the cell cycle, the decrease of these biomarkers indicates a deregulation in the cellular proliferation, indicating the oncogenic manifestation. The advancement of technologies has contributed to add improvements to screening programs and thus make them more effective in detecting women who have a greater potential for progression to cervical cancer. Conclusion: Although several techniques for identifying cancer caused by HPV have already been applied, they do not yet have coverage for a quick and accurate diagnosis of the viral genotype.

Illness is a non-expected situation that the patient isn’t prepared for, resulting it may cause an instability between mind and body. The diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic dysfunction resulted from the deficiency of insulin secretion. This condition decreases life quality, and is one of the main causes of death, kidney failure and lower members’ amputation. As an intervention for this situation of fragility, surgery is constantly indicated, inducing emotions as agony, fear and anxiety, and even triggering fantasies. The anxiety caused by the possibility of a surgical intervention can affect the patient, if these emotions aren’t expressed and acknowledged. Thus, it is important to be aware about the patients’ emotional state, as there is a relation between their reactions, the surgery and the postoperative. Objective: Reflect about the psychological intervention as a place for perceiving and expressing emotions of hospitalized diabetic patients. Methodology: Experiment report taken from hospital psychology experience. Results and Discussion: Psychological intervention in chronic patients’ groups, as the diabetics, is an important resource in face off the difficulties for acknowledge and express the experienced emotions. Using images that shows some of the emotions that are part of the context, like fear, anxiety, anger, hope and gratitude, for example, helps the reflection about how these emotions can be manifested in hospitalization process. This technique permits comprehension under different ways to express emotions, and by the exchange of experiences, it is important to strengthen coping strategies. This intervention enables behavior change, converting the tension in relaxation and anxiety relief. Conclusion: The intervention in groups is an important resource to provide reflection about the experienced emotions, to enable these patients to comprehend that these emotions are part of them and must be recognized and externalized, providing a better understanding of the diagnostic, acceptance and adhesion to the treatment.