International Congress 2018

Introduction: Cancer of the cervix when diagnosed and treated early is a cause of preventable death. Because it is a neoplasm caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), the Pap test is a safe and efficient strategy for early detection in the female population. According to the Brazilian Guidelines for Cervical Cancer Screening (2016), the first two tests should be performed at annual intervals and, if both results are negative, the next ones should be performed every 3 years. Beginning at age 25 for women who have had or have had sexual activity and periodic examinations should be continued until age 64 in women without prior history of pre-invasive neoplastic disease and discontinued when women have at least two exams consecutive negatives in the last 5 years. In 2013, the Cancer Information System (Siscan) was established within SUS, integrating the Cervical Cancer Information System (Siscolo) and the Breast Cancer Information System (Sismama). In Pernambuco, 970 new cases are expected and, in Recife, 150 new cases, representing the second most frequent cancer in women in the State and in the capital. Objective: To track the number of cervical cancer screening exams conducted in the city of Recife-PE, Brazil. Methodology: The source used was the Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCOLO), in the period from 2009 to 2014, in women aged 12-64 years, residents of this city and SUS users. Results and Discussion: When comparing the number of exams performed each year, a significant quantitative decrease was observed: from 9019 exams in 2009 to 1171 in 2014, a decrease of almost 87% in the number of exams. In addition to the low incidence of cervical cancer in young women, there is evidence that screening in women younger than 25 years is less effective than in more mature women. Conclusions: Although SISCOLO is an important tool…

Introduction: According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA) 2017, Brazil shows high prevalence rates in malignant neoplasms with primary localization in the oral cavity, since oral cancer affects the lips and oral cavity. It is a multifactorial disease, derived from genetic, environmental or infectious factors (viruses) isolated or in association, causing cytogenetic changes that proceed through a somatic mutation sequence, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation. Objective: To study the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the oral mucosa, making it possible to trace possible risk factors associated with its development. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of the bibliographic review on the subject, monographs, dissertations, theses and books, comparatively analyzing the information from these research sources, making a discussion about the results of this survey. Results and Discussion: There are more than 100 types of papillomavirus identified, 24 of these related to the oral cavity. Transmission of papillomavirus to oral mucosa occurs by self-inoculation and through the practice of oral sex. Papillomavirus infection begins when the virus contacts the basal epithelial cells by a slow process of endocytosis, from the binding to a specific receptor on the surface of basal cells. Viral tropism is caused in part by the binding of specific viral surface proteins to certain host cell surface receptor proteins. Studies to detect the presence of papillomavirus in the oral mucosa reveal that this virus appears to persistently or frequently infect the mouth, including in children and adolescents. Conclusion: Detection rates vary mainly according to the population studied and the sensitivity of the methods used, with the main types of papillomavirus being found, Papillomavirus 16 and 18.

Introduction: The infection of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a global phenomenon which incidence depends on political, economical, social and cultural factors; being an huge challenge of health. The adolescence is characterized by intense changes. The teenager starts to consolidate values and concepts, being influenced by culture, media and the society. The HIV vulnerability covers coletive and individual aspects, favoring the transmission of the virus by several ways. Objective: Describe the teenagers vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Method: It is an integrative revision, of descriptive type. The data was collected from the scientific works in the databases: LILACS BDENF and MEDLINE. The used descriptors were: Vulnerability, HIV, AIDS, Teenagers. The inclusion criteria used were: papers published in portuguese, english and spanish, with full availability, in the original paper format, and published in the period of 2007-2016. To develop the research was defined the guiding question: Which are the vulnerabilities of teenagers to HIV/AIDS? Results: With the use of the descriptores 151 articles were found, after the use of the filters 21 articles remained, however 15 were excluded due duplicity, due to not attend to the research objective, remaining 6 articles to using in the development of the research. Discussion: The articles showed that the vulnerabilities to HIV of the teenagers are due: insufficient knowledge, ambivalence in the understanding of the disease, precocious starting of the sex life, use of drugs, the HIV symptoms arise belatedly, the precarious use of the condom due to stable relationships, immaturity, using of contraceptive pill, and presuming that is not susceptible to the virus. Final considerations: The higher vulnerability of the teenagers occurs because no condom use and knowledge lack about the means of the transmission of HIV. The health professional should contribute holistically in the preventive steps implementation and promote educative actions along the health services.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is considered a public health problem and is characterized as a chronic disease. In this sense, the Specialized HIV / AIDS Assistance Service (SAE) was created to assist people living with HIV / AIDS (PLHA) in relation to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention of comorbidities. In the context, it is understood the complexity of PLHA care and relates the importance of nursing, for the integrality of care and interventions according to the needs of the individual. Objectives: To describe aspects about the importance, characteristics and functioning of SAE, which is unique in the treatment of PLHIV. Methodology: This is a descriptive study of the experience report on nursing care to PLHA, lived in the SAE of the metropolitan region of Recife-Pernambuco, by the nursing scholars of the University of Pernambuco (UPE). Results: Currently, this service has 142 active registered patients. It is composed of a multiprofessional team of 05 professionals; being 01 coordinator psychologist, 01 doctor, 01 nurse, 01 nursing technician and 01 administrative assistant. In SAE, PLHAs are welcomed, evaluated, oriented, monitoring exams are also carried out, distribution of preventive inputs regarding safe sexual practices (such as female and male condoms) and medicines such as ART, prophylactics, and others. Discussion: HAART becomes a challenge for PLWHA and nursing care through reception, clarification of doubts and detection of factors that interfere with adherence favors therapeutic progress and consequent improvement in the quality of life of individuals. Conclusion: The nurse as a member of the SAE, plays a fundamental role in the care of PLWHA contributing to a more humanized care based on the holistic view of the patient.

Objective: In this article the effects generated by ionizing radiation are discussed more precisely by X-rays, in the cells of gametic line and in embryonic/fetal development, when there exposition without proper protection for this type of energy. Methodology: The method used for preparation of this work was the literature review of scientific papers, theses and magazines found in the databases already available. Results and Discussion: Based on the literature review carried potential risks were analyzed and importance of radiation protection, in addition to their negligence consequences.

Among the physiological responses associated with osteoarthritis, the increase in muscle and epithelial temperature is an indicator of pro-inflammatory status. However, however, the association between epithelial temperature increase and osteoarthritis in elderly individuals was not yet measured. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate whether the thermographic pattern is able to predict the inflammatory in lower limbs in individuals with osteoarthritis. The sample consisted of 10 participants with arthritis separated by men (MW: 2; age: 75 ± 10.2 years; body mass: 78.5 ± 12.2 kg; height: 164.5 ± 8.6 cm) and women (FW: 8, age: 75 ± 10.2 years, body mass: 69.1 ± 9.5 kg, height: 153.6 ± 9.9 cm). Infrared thermography (FLIR® thermography) was performed in 6 regions of interest (IR) in the coronal (anterior and posterior) and sagittal (left and right portions) planes. To obtain predictive models, regression analyzes were performed for both sexes, p≤0.05. The results indicated that the presence of inflammation could be predicted by the following models for men: RI Posterior thigh (Exp (B) = 3.023 95% C.I. = 1.065 to 8.578, S.E = 0.532, Wald = 4.331, p = 0.038). While women showed two predictive IRs in the first model, calf thermography (Exp (B) = 3.8442 95% CI = 0.167 to 1.00, SE = 0.457, Wald = 3.84, p = 0.050) and, in the second model, the left anterior calf (Exp (B) = 6.211 95% CI = 1.447 to 21.976, SE = 0.694, Wald = 5.639, p = 0.013) and left anterior cinnamon (Exp (B) = 7.368 95% CI = 0.024 to 0.547 , SE = 0.800, Wald = 0.114, p = 0.007). The findings from this preliminary study may be used by health professionals as a noninvasive method to predict the inflammation caused by osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome that is mainly featured by the chronic pain presence and its phisiophatology is unknown. In the EEG records it is observed a hipersensibility from the envolved areas at the pain process, which can be a resource capable to clarify its phisiophatology. Objective: It was performed a search at Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo databases with the keywords: Electroencephalogram, electroencephalography and fibromyalgia. The exclusion criterias were the electroencephalogram use for avaliation of other clinic condition beyond fibromyalgia and repeated articles at the databases. Results: After the aplication of the eligibility criterias were found 23 articles. Conclusion: The electrical cortical activity analysis using the electroencephalogram records is set like a promising method of avaliation and identification of a fibromyalgia biomarker.

Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease in adults but its etiology remains unknown. Clinically, the patient manifests progressive weakness, paralysis and, usually, evolves to death between 2 to 5 years. The analysis of biological samples provides a powerful strategy to investigate pathological processes and studies indicate an important role of trace elements in ALS. Objective: In this work we aimed to investigate the levels of trace elements in CSF samples from patients with ALS. Methodology: CSF samples from cases of ALS (10) and control cases (6) were treated for analysis of trace elements by X-ray Microfluorescence with Synchrotron Radiation. The measurements were performed on the XRF beam line at the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory (Campinas, Brazil). The intensity of the X-ray spectrum for each element was obtained with AXIL software (distributed by the International Atomic Energy Agency). The data obtained were statistically analyzed by General Linear Models, in a method based on multivariate analysis. Results and Discussion: In this study, the following elements were analyzed: aluminum, bromine, calcium, chlorine, copper, chromium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, nickel, rubidium, silicon, sulfur and zinc. In CSF samples from ALS cases a significant increase of calcium, chlorine and potassium concentration was observed when compared to samples from control cases. Conclusion: Excitotoxicity is one of the many factors implicated in the pathogenic process of ALS. The intracellular calcium influx appears to contribute to neurodegeneration in multiple pathways, leading to cell death. Activation of potassium and chlorine channels by increased calcium level has been described and prolonged outflow of both may be involved with apoptosis. Elevated levels of these three elements in the CSF indicate a possible molecular pathway involved in the pathogenic process of the disease.

Introduction: Teleradiography assists in cephalometric evaluation that allows a basic understanding of the anatomical regions of the upper airways (UA) that maintains an intimate relationship with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It is a valuable aid in the elaboration of the treatment plan, in the observation of the anatomical alterations of the superior airway during the development of OSA and in the evaluation and follow-up of the treatment. Objective: To recognize the importance of the use of teleradiography as a complementary examination of OSA’s treatment. Methodology: A bibliographic research was done on Scielo’s virtual library through the keywords: Teleradiography, apnea, complementary examination. Results: 45 articles resulted from the search. 15 addressed the topic with a specific relevance and only 3 were used in the preparation of the text. Discussion: Obstructive sleep apnea is a respiratory disorder characterized by total or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, which is multifactorial and not fully understood. Currently intraoral appliances are indicated for some cases of OSA. The increase of upper airways with the use of intraoral appliances happens through the traction of the mandible and / or protrusion of the tongue. In addition to the anteroposterior increase of the UA, there is a laterolateral increase. There are also significant modifications in the configuration of the UA demonstrating dimensional gains observed in the cephalograms. With the aid of the cephalostat, it is possible to obtain a standardization of cephalometric radiographs for cephalometric purposes, diagnosis and treatment follow-up. This imaging technique is widely required because it is easy to analyze, low cost and emits minimal levels of radiation. Conclusion: Teleradiography is widely used in the diagnosis and follow-up of the treatment of OSA, since it allows to evaluate the development of clinical cases in a simple, economic and effective way.

In this review article the author argues that homeopathy and Ayurveda remedies can reduce stress and solved male infertility based on sperm count, hormone values and general health. The drugs were prescribed on the basis of the overall symptomatic situation. The variables ‘sperm density’, ‘percentage of sperm with good progressive motility’ and ‘density of sperm with good propulsive motility’ improved. The remedies are good help on reproductive system in male and female.