Recent Articles

Wheat is one of the major staple crops in Ethiopia in terms of both production and consumption. Even though it is such an important cereal crops in Ethiopia, it is giving low yield due to many production constraints such as lack of improved varieties, poor agronomic practice (inappropriate seeding rate and row spacing), diseases, weeds and low soil fertility in Ethiopia in general and in Guji zone in particular. Therefore, field experiment was conducted during the 2015-2017 main cropping season at Bore and Ana sora to assess the effect of seeding rate and row spacing on yield components and yield of bread wheat; and to determine appropriate seeding rates row spacing for bread wheat. The experiment was laid out RCBD in a factorial arrangement with three replications using a wheat variety known as ‘Huluka’ as a test crop. The treatments consisted of four levels of seeding rate (100, 125, 150 and 175 kg ha-1) and four levels of row spacing (15, 20, 25 and 30 cm) consisting a total of 16 treatments. Analysis of the results revealed that all parameters were significantly (P

Cancer immunotherapy consists of approaches that modify the host immune system, and/or the utilization of components of the immune system for treatment and prevention of cancer. Eventhough breast cancer has historically not been considered a favorable target for immunotherapies as compared to those solid tumors such as melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, several preclinical and clinical studies have provided important insights and clinical data that support its potential to improve clinical outcomes for patients with breast cancer. In addition, the recent definition of tumor-specific immunity in breast cancer patients and the identification of several breast cancer antigens has generated enthusiasm for the application of immune based therapies to the treatment of breast malignancies. In general, immunotherapies can be considered either non-specific, such as cytokine, or tumor specific for example a vaccine that targets breast cancer tumor antigens. Current immunotherapeutic approaches either through immunization of the patient (e.g., by administering a cancer vaccine), in which case the patient’s own immune system is trained to recognize tumor cells as targets to be destroyed, or through the administration of therapeutic antibodies as drugs, in which case the patient’s immune system is recruited to destroy tumor cells by the therapeutic antibodies, Cell based immunotherapy is another major entity of cancer immunotherapy. The review concluded that immunotherapeutic approaches combined with novel sequences of chemotherapies, radiation, and immunomodulating agents hold promise for enhancing the treatment of breast cancer.

It is common to see thousands of pilgrims, both inside and out, to St. Lalibela Rock hewn churches of Ethiopia. But, it is uncommon to see studies on the role of pilgrimage for peace: much of the researches are focused on the economic importance of pilgrimage tourism in the country. Despite the existence of many religious tourist sites, scholars in Ethiopia gave little or no attention to the importance of pilgrimage for peace. Accordingly, the objective of this article is to investigate the role of pilgrimage for the inner and outer peace of pilgrims to St. Lalibela Rock hewn Churches of Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, the article employed 20 purposively selected pilgrims for in-depth interviews, four key informants (two were Tourism bureau officials of Lalibela town, and the other two were priests of the Church), personal observation and document reviews to collect data. In addition, one FGD, containing eight pilgrim discussants, was held with the pilgrims to elicit group ideas about the issue. Thematic categorization and analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The article revealed that the pilgrimage provides different inner peace for the pilgrims like, purification (healing from sin), relinquishment of self will, relinquishment of separateness, relinquishment of negative feelings, avoiding of the worrying habit, avoiding of the anger habit and the fear habit. Moreover, the article argued that the pilgrims achieved outer peace: upholding human dignity, challenging prejudice and building tolerance, promoting non-violence behavior, resolving and transforming conflicts, sharing of resources, caring not only for other pilgrims but also to the environment, and making inter-personal and inter-communal linkages. The article, therefore, concludes that pilgrimage cultivates both the inner and outer peace for the pilgrims in the study area. Finally, the article recommends that the role of pilgrimage for peace education in general and for the…

Over the years, the Afar and Amhara people of the North Eastern Ethiopia have locked horns over the control of resources. The federal government delegated power to the two regional governments to settle the conflict between the two ethnic groups. However, efforts made by this tier of governments are failed to stop the conflict in the area. As a result, they established the joint LPCs made up of local people from both ethnic groups. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the process, challenges and opportunities of these LPC in its conflict resolution journey. To this attempt, the study employed both primary and secondary data sources. The study revealed that the LPCs employ series of process to resolve the conflict in the study area. Besides, it identifies a number of glaring challenges that the LPCs faced with. Despite the challenges that the LPCs faced with, the study further identifies the existence of opportunities which can positively benefit the LPCs to transform the conflict in the study area. In nutshell, the LPCs are found to be very important institutions in conflict resolution and promoting peace in the study area. Therefore, the study recommended those governmental and non-governmental agencies, the LPC members, the community, and intellectuals altogether should strive to decrease the challenges and promote the opportunities of these LPCs to solve the Afar-Amhara conflicts at the border.

Introduction: The hospital dentist practice is necessary for the integral attention to the hospitalized patient, contributes to the infection control and quality of care. Objective: to verify the perception of the multiprofessional health team of a Reference Center in Pediatric and Adult Hospital Oncology, about the dental practice in the care of hospitalized patients. Methodology: Prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Reference Center for Pediatric and Adult Hospital Oncology, from May to September 2019, through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Used Excel 2010 and statistical analysis, Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used, considering p ≤ 0.05. Results: a sample of 152 health professionals, of which 88.8% are female, 51.3% nursing, predominant age group between 40 and 69 years (60.6%) and 57.2% of professionals work in the Adult Hospital Oncology Center. In this study, 99.3% of the samples report being important or a dentist following and treating patients’ oral problems and 98% reported as oral diseases that can affect the patient’s overall health. Still 64.4% claim to be important or follow up before, during and after as antineoplastic therapies. In turn, 48% of the sample studied integration with a dental team as good, revealing the best members of the pediatric sector (p = 0.020). Conclusion: It is important for the dentist to be part of a team, providing assistance before, during and after antineoplastic therapies; It is necessary the performance of the dentist for the maintenance of oral health, because it is understood that oral health impacts on the restoration of general health. Further studies should be conducted with the importance of the theme addressed.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of cyanobacteria Arthrospira sp. in the evolution of periodontal disease. Methods: Eight rats, aged 90 days weighing 280 ± 300g, were used from the Animal Experimentation Center Animal Hospital of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the Federal University of Pernambuco. After an adaptation period of 10 days, the animals were randomly divided into three groups, namely: Group I – Control Rats, without administration of cyanobacteria; Group II – Rats with periodontal disease without administration of cyanobacteria; Group III – Rats with periodontal disease with cyanobacteria administration. All animals were induced to periodontitis, which was made by ligature with cotton thread, and this wire was placed around the gingival sulcus of the left upper first molar, with this application there was accumulation of residues, causing the formation of dental biofilm. Results: After the morphological analysis of the experimental groups, we observed that there was a significant effect among the studied groups, where the periodontal ligament was preserved (treated group) or showed absence of tissue integrity (untreated group). Conclusion: The administration of Arthrospira sp. in rats with periodontal disease, suggests to be an important ally in the fight against the progression of periodontitis, thus acting in the control of this disease.

Malnutrition is characterized as a deficiency of food and nutrients, mainly affecting children of preschool age (up to 5 years). Responsible for 30% of the world’s child deaths, malnutrition can compromise the child’s physical and mental development. The objective of this study was to present, through a literature review, information on energy-protective malnutrition; to expose the effects of malnutrition on the development and growth of the child and the immune system. Consequently, to discuss ways of diagnosis and treatment in order to reduce the high rates of child morbidity caused by malnutrition.

The awakening of civic consciousness of social rights requires investors not only have to obtain the “administrative license” from the host countries, but also need the “social license” from the local citizens when investing abroad. Although ICSID has made a series of decisions in favor of the host countries in investment disputes referring to environmental protection after the year of 2000, a tendency emphasizing the rights of investors has not changed substantially. In international investments involving environmental protection, the responsibility of the home country is either absent or exists in a form of soft law, thus cannot play a effective role. Emphasis on the responsibility of the home country has a vital meaning on balancing the rights and interests among all the parties.

In this paper, first we proves a class of time-delay differential inequalities. And then, the nonlinear differential systems with time delay are considered and it is obtained that the trivial solution of the nonlinear systems with time delay has uniform stability and uniform exponential Lipschitz asymptotic stability with respect to partial variable.

Background: Premature rupture of membrane is the common complication of pregnancy which is an important cause for perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. However most of the studies done on its prevalence had showed a variation with the global prevalence of premature rupture of membrane. The study was aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of premature rupture of membrane among pregnant women admitted to public hospitals in Nekemte town, Western Ethiopia. Method: An institution based cross-sectional study was carried out from June 1 to July 30, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 284 study participants. Interviewer administered structured questionnaires and standardized checklists were used to collect data. Data was entered into Epi.data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25.0. Results: About, 121(42.6%) of respondents were found in between the age group of 25-29 years, with the mean of 26.41 and standard deviation of 4.64 (26.41+4.64). The prevalence of premature rupture of membrane was 13.4%with 95% CI (9.9, 17.3). Women who had history of abortion (AOR=3.47, 95% CI: 1.44, 8.37), history of previous premature rupture of membrane (AOR=2.95, 95% CI: 1.15, 7.54), history of cesarean section (AOR=3.56, 95% CI: 1.23, 10.31) and sexually transmitted infection (AOR=7.26, 95% CI: 1.99, 26.46) and ANC follow up (AOR= 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.63) were significantly associated with premature rupture of membrane. Conclusion: The prevalence of premature rupture of membrane among the participants was considered to be high compared to the global prevalence. An intervention that focuses on strengthening the integration of messages on health promotion and disease prevention to maintain normal pregnancies for pregnant women is recommended.