Methyl jasmonate ameliorates memory deficits in mice exposed to passive avoidance paradigm
Passive avoidance task is a rodent model of memory in which the animal learnt to avoid an aversive stimulus precipitated by fear and it is always accompanied by inhibition of motor behavior. We have shown in our previous studies that methyl jasmonate (MJ), a bioactive compound isolated from Jasminum grandiflorum demonstrated memory enhancing effect in hippocampal-dependent memory tasks such as Y-maze and object recognition tests in mice. This present study was designed to investigate if MJ could ameliorate memory deficits associated majorly with the activation of the amygdala in response to an aversive stimulus in the passive avoidance paradigm. The present study also evaluated the effect of MJ on scopolamine (SC)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment in the passive avoidance paradigm. Mice were given intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of MJ (10-40 mg/kg), donepezil, DP (1 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for 7 days before testing for memory using passive avoidance step-down apparatus. In the interaction studies, the effects of SC (3 mg/kg, i.p.) or LPS (250 µg/kg, i.p.) given alone or with MJ (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) or DP (1 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days were also evaluated. SC and LPS were injected 30 min after MJ or DP administration. The time it took (step-down latency) the mouse to step down from the elevated vibrating platform onto the grids (electrified stainless steel bars on the floor of the cage), which indicates memory function was recorded. Our findings revealed that MJ (10-40 mg/kg, i.p.) ameliorated memory deficits induced by electric shock in the passive avoidance test. MJ (10-40 mg/kg, i.p.) also attenuated memory impairment induced by SC (3 mg/kg) or LPS (250 µg/kg) in mice subjected to the shock in the passive avoidance task. Taken together, this study provides additional behavioral data, which further supports the potential usefulness of MJ in conditions associated…
Mental health in Bhagavad Gita
In this review article the .Bhagavad-Gita is a sermon given by Lord Sri Krishna to Arjuna in the battlefield. The three principles which have been emphasized by the Bhagavad-Gita are the management of mind, management of duty and the principles of self-management. The principles propounded therein, seem to have universal application and useful for all human beings to mould their character and strengthen themselves to develop their managerial effectiveness. Bhagavad gita are increasing in mind management and reducing mental and physical illnesses is an important stimulus of human growth and creativity as well an inevitable part of life. This paper aims at exploring the divine principles in Bhagvad Gita for its application to mind management & development of human capital.
Effect of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon Grass) on acute anoxic stress in mice
Exposure to acute anoxic stress produces deleterious effects on the brain through the formation of oxidant molecules like reactive oxygen species. Thus, compounds with antioxidant property might demonstrate protective effect against the damaging effects of anoxic stress on brain cells. This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of Cymbopogon citratus, a medicinal plant with antioxidant property on convulsions induced by anoxic stress in mice. Male Swiss mice (20-22 g) were given C. citratus (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o), Panax ginseng (50 mg/kg, p.o) or vehicle (10 mL/kg p.o). Thirty minutes later, the animals were exposed to anoxic stress and the latency (s) to convulsion (anoxic tolerance time) was measured. Thereafter, the blood glucose level was measured using glucometer. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were also determined in the brain homogenates of mice subjected to anoxic stress. C. citratus (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o) did not significantly (p > 0.05) delay the latency to anoxic convulsion and also failed to alter the brain concentrations of MDA and GSH in mice exposed to anoxic stress. However, C. citratus (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o) caused a significant and dose-dependent reduction in the blood glucose levels in anoxic stressed mice. These findings suggest that C. citratus has neither protective effect against convulsive episodes nor alter oxidative stress parameters induced by acute anoxic stress in mice. The decrease in blood glucose produced by C. citratus in anoxic condition may be unconnected with normalization of deregulation of plasma glucose level during stress responses.
Autophagy is up regulated in a neuronal model of charcot-marie tooth disease that overexpresses dynamin 2 mutant
Dominant-Intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is one of the most common inherited disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. Pleckstrin homology domain mutations in dynamin 2 cause dominant-intermediate Charcot Marie Tooth Syndrome. Autophagy in normal cells helps to maintain homeostasis and degrade damaged or old organelles and proteins. Here we link the pleckstrin homology domain mutants and the disease state to autophagy. Cells over-expressing the K558E mutation in the pleckstrin homology domain of dynamin 2 have shown an increase in expression of ER stress and autophagy markers. Although the exact link between autophagy and peripheral neurodegeneration has yet to be fully elucidated, these results set the foundation for further research into the interactions between dynamin 2 mutations, autophagy, and Dominant-Intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth.
Diet for stress full life
In this review article the author argues that complete presentation of various Indian diet can reduce the stress and related mental and physical illnesses like Stress anxiety, depression etc.. Life is neither Possible to overcome safely.
ADHD for childrens in homeopathy & alternative methdos
This review explained that homeopathy as rectified for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Homeopathy and alternative methods like Diet &Herbal remedies are complete clear the symptoms, core symptoms or related outcomes of deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
