Recent Articles

This study examines the vulnerability of fishery-based households in Ethiopian rift valley lakes Chamo and Hawassa. The vulnerability assessment approach used vulnerability indicator method which is composed of both biophysical and socioeconomic indicators of fishery-based households. The indicators selected were classified into exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to give weight to the vulnerability indicators. The result shows that the fishery-based households around Lake Chamo are more vulnerable to climate change than in Lake Hawassa. The result of this study stresses the immediate need for appropriate adaptation and/or mitigation measures to help the livelihood of the fishermen in the study areas. The results of this study should be considered for future decision making when mitigation and adaptation mechanisms are selected.

Compost production is considered an economic and environmentally friendly means to reduce the waste going into landfill. It is a novel study of compost production from raw materials which are available in Malaysia, especially the northern region to get a high percentage of carbon and calcium to be used in the treatment of soils that suffering from leached very high amounts of calcium and magnesium because heavy precipitation particularly in the tropical soils. Compost application can improve soil quality and productivity as well as sustainability of agricultural production by replenishing soil organic matter and supplying nutrients. The results indicated an increase in ratio of calcium, also increase ratio of nitrogen and pH.

A field experiment was conducted in Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia from 15/2/2014 and 15/2/2015 two seasons. In each year, the experiments have been implemented in order to study the effect of three levels of irrigation water (25% (no stress), 50% (moderate deficit), 75% (water deficit) of field capacity), and five concentrations of GA3(0, 50, 100, 200, 300 ppm) and five concentrations of proline (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 ppm) on the yield and productivity of maize.The results showed a significant influence of sprayed GA3on the maize leaves, where excellence sprayed 300ppm GA3 with a high rate of all the study characteristics with sprayed 300ppm of gibberellic acid except cobs per plant. The results of the interaction between GA3and water deficit showed the clear influence of water deficit in reducing all characteristics of study where excelled the interactions (300ppm GA3 and 25% from field capacity) with a high rate of majority study characteristics, but these increases were not sufficient. Concluded from the results of the study great positive impact of sprayed proline on the all of the growth characteristics, it characterizes the concentration of 400ppm with the highest rate of majority study characteristics. The study results showed into increased the rate of protein, chlorophyll content, and oil, with sprayed 400ppm of proline.

The seed dormancy limits seedling production and the potential for using them. This study aimed to determine the best method for breaking dormancy in seeds of Mimosa hostilis Benth. and Bauhinia cheilantha (Bong.) Steud. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Food Science, State University of Alagoas (UNEAL) Campus II, located in the municipality of Santana do Ipanema, Alagoas State, Brazil. Five treatments were studied (T): T1 – immersion in water at 100 ° C until cooling thereof; T2 – immersion in water at 50 ° C until cooling thereof; T3 – immersion in sulfuric acid for 5 minutes, followed by washing in water for 10 minutes; T4 – mechanical scarification by sandpaper for 2 minutes, and T5 – Witness. Where it came to evaluating the germination speed index (GSI) and germination percentage (G%). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey test at 5% significance level. The immersion in sulfuric acid was the best method to break seed dormancy of Mimosa Hostilis Benth., now for Bauhinia cheilantha bong. Steud in the chiseling was the best method for breaking dormancy.

West syndrome (WS) also known as infantile spasms, is severe form of epilepsy of early childhood was first describe in 1840s. WS presents with myoclonic-tonic seizures (spasms) characterized by flexor, extensor or mixed movements with distinct electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern of hypsarrthmia and psychomotor arrest. Prevalence rate is ~ 4.0 cases per 10,000 children. Peak age of beginning is between 3 and 7 months; onset after 18 months is rare. Recent guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society for medical treatment of WS, recommends that ACTH is probably effective and vigabatrin is possibly effective in cessation of spasms of hypsarrhythmia. Although discovered 160 years ago, still its diagnosis, assessment and management continue to create many challenges to health care professionals and affected families. In this case of a 3 yr old male child was admitted for long period of almost 2 months before being discharged. This case was confirmed early but due to its complexity it took long time to get complete resolve of situation. ACTH with Valproate was found to effective; though ACTH showed some reactions still it was considered the best available medicine for WS. In conclusion, early detection and referral to a pediatric neurologist for clinical evaluation and prompt effective treatment is strongly recommended as it may improve prognosis.

The influence of bio-stimulant Aquasap powder derived from the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii was applied at 0.2% through foliar application on bellary onion at the establishment, vegetative, bulb formation and bulb development stage. Bulb yield and quality parameters such as total soluble solid, moisture content, ash content, organic content, pyruvic acid content, physiological loss and rotting percentage were studied. The crop yield in terms of bulb in treated plant was 31.65% over control with no statistical significant in the content of pyruvic between treated and control plants.

Bhaishajya kalpana is a very well developed sub-discipline of Ayurveda entirely devoted to drug formulations. Sharangadhara Samhitha is an epitome of Ayurvedic literature of medieval India. Since the drug manufacturing part is elaborately dealt in this, it is considered as an authentic text book of Bhaishajya Kalpana. It is one pioneering work, aptly included in the list of Laghutrayi, the other two being Bhavaprakasha & Madhava nidana. Acharya Sharngadhara, son of Damodara is considered as the author of this text. Except giving out his name as the author at the commencement of the text, he has not furnished any information about himself or his other works. Sharngadhara Samhita composed of 3 parts or khandas in which 32 chapters and 2600 verses are explained. This book is designed in a simple and easy language to serve as a handbook and thus it shines in the pure hearts of Scholars and Practitioners.

Bharat ,now known as India, by the world, is full of knowledge with advances since thousands of years. The nation has its own culture and healthy socio-economic life style since ancient time..This review article is concerned with its medical facilities that were available since ancient time in this continent. Ayurved is special boon to all the world by Bharat.Ayurved is not only the system of medicine but is a science of life…a direction to live healthy and long life.

The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute. The experiments were conducted during the period 15 January 2010 to 5 March 2012. Nine different types of containers viz. tin pot, plastic pot, poly bag, gunny bag, gunny bag lined with polythene, earthen pot, cloth bag, brown paper and IRRI poly bag, two level of moisture contents viz. farmers’ condition (13%) and recommended moisture condition (9.5%) by Bangladesh Gazette (2010) and seed treatment with Provax-200 and control (untreated) were used for the present study. Seeds were stored for 12 months and examined after 4. 8 and 12 months of storage. Among the nine containers, tin pot was found better in respect of moisture content, germination, mean germination time, vigour index and 1000- seed weight. Health condition of seeds was also superior compared to other containers. The poorest performance was observed in earthen pot regarding moisture content, germination, mean germination time, vigour index, 1000- seed weight and seed borne infection. The findings of the present study also reveal that recommended moisture content was better than farmers’ condition. Provax-200 treated seed also resulted better performance than non treated seed. So, Quality of jute seeds can be maintained by storage in tin pot with provax-200 treated and recommendation moisture content (9.5%).

In Ethiopia pulse crops are widely grown and Faba bean (Vicia faba L., 2n=12) is an old world grain legume of the family Leguminasae. This crop is one of the major pulses grown in the highlands of Ethiopia ranging from 1800-3000 m.a.s.l receiving an annual rainfall of 700-1100 mm, and the country is now considered as one of the secondary centers of genetic diversity. In eastern Amhara region high lands, faba bean is cultivated widely and thought to be an area for the largest collection of faba bean landraces. The production of faba bean is declined from year to year due to various production constraints such as diseases, soil acidity and weeds, particularly root parasitic weeds Broomrape (Orobanche species). These parasitic weeds cause very high levels of crop damage in terms of both yield and quality. Yield losses due to Orobanche weed ranges from 5 to 100% depending on the level of infestation and environmental conditions. Orobanche species are root parasitic flowering plants lack of leaves and totally dependent on their hosts for their life cycle. The parasitic is on a wide range of food legumes such as faba bean, field pea, lentil, vetch, Solanaceae crops, oil crops and root crops. The severe invasion of legume crops, especially faba bean and field pea are by Orobanche crenata. The physical attachment and the damage of the weed are under ground. The weed disperses by wind, flood, birds, animals, crop seeds, humans and farm machinery. It is propagated by seeds which can remain dormant and survive and able to viable in the soil for more than 20 years. Due to the complete devastation of faba bean by Orobanche crenata, farmers forced to replace pulse crops by cereals and spice in south Wollo (Kutaber, Dessie zuria, Tenta and Mekidela woredas); therefore, farmers lost…