Recent Articles

The study investigated the challenges facing teachers’ implementing continuous assessment in the Tililli general and preparatory school with the emphasis on how these challenges influence effective teaching and learning and how a teacher deals with these challenges on a day to- day basis. For this study, a qualitative research method was selected. This method seeks to understand the diversified underlying challenges, understanding and experiences of the teacher in this study. In order to achieve this method, data collection instruments such as the questionnaire would be used to obtain reliable data, a pilot test and follow-up interviews were utilized. All teachers age, gender, name of subject and grade who teaches, teaching experience, professional qualification or whether they were permanent or temporary, local or foreign was included that participated in filled questionnaire and interview. All teachers recommended that the education should support teachers in implementing the continuous assessment by motivating them. The department should outsource trainers to train teachers.

Blasting flying stone is one of the six hazards in rock and soil blasting construction. In order to determine the risk level of blasting flying stone, 3 first-grade indexes such as blasting design and construction are selected, and 11 second-grade indexes such as warning range are not set, so as to establish the blasting flying stone safety evaluation model of AHP-GRA. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight of the evaluation index. The grey correlation method was used to determine the correlation degree between the blasting flying stone and the safety level of an airport. The risk level of an airport was calculated based on the weight of the evaluation index, and the engineering verification was carried out. The results show that there is no warning signal, no notice before detonation and the warning range is too small, which are the main factors of the flying stone accident. The model presented in this paper is used to evaluate the blasting flying stones in an airport, and the evaluation results are basically consistent with the reality. It can be seen that the evaluation model can scientifically and reasonably evaluate the risk level of blasting flying stones, which has important practical significance.

Background: SYNGAP1, which encodes a RAS-GTPase-activating protein, is located on the short arm of chromosome 6.Mutations of the SYNGAP1 gene were first identified in 2009 in patients with nonsyndromic intellectual disability (ID) acquired microcephaly, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), followed in 2013 by recognition of their important role in the developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Developmental delay was identified soon after birth in the majority of patients and pre-ceded seizure onset in all. Development regressed or plateaued with seizure onset were observed. Language was severely impaired together with intellectual disabilities and some other features (1, 4).Most affected individuals have de novo mutations, with truncating mutations predominating, although missense mutations, chromosomal translocations, or microdeletions disrupting SYNGAP1 are also described. (1,5).

Background: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a severe neurologic condition marked by progressive loss of function of the neurologic elements in the spinal canal below the termination of the spinal cord. This article reports an instructive case of CES with acute aggravation of neuropathy after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Patient concerns: A 63-year-old Japanese man underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Because he complained of severe low back pain and numbness in the posterior of both lower limbs while in the supine position, he was given analgesia with pentazocine and sedated with propofol, and the procedure continued. He was then forced to maintain lumbar extension while in the supine position for 13 hours. After the treatment, he noticed urination disor-der, numbness, and paralysis of both lower limbs. Diagnosis: Neurological findings included sensory impairment and motor deficit of L5 and below, including bowel/bladder dysfunction. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed severe lumbar spinal stenosis at L4-L5. He was diagnosed with CES due to lumbar spinal stenosis. Interventions: The patient received emergency surgery for L4-L5 decompression. Decompression of the spinal canal was achieved 33 hours after the start of catheterization. Outcomes: The patient’s leg symptoms improved immediately after surgery, and he was able to walk with a walker. On postoperative day 6, the urinary catheter was removed. However, he experienced urinary retention and needed intermittent self-directed urination. Five months after surgery, he was able to urinate on his own, and completed the intermittent self-directed urination. Nine months after surgery, his muscle strength had recovered almost completely, and he was able to walk with a cane. However, bladder dysfunction such as frequent urination and residual urination remained 4 years after surgery. Lessons: If the supine position elicits low back pain and leg numbness, the presence of lumbar spinal stenosis should be considered. Forcing…

Chromosomal abnormalities involving deletions and duplications are known to cause severe developmental disorders, including mental retardation, dysmorphism, and seizures, in children. As the technique of array-based comparative genomic hybridization is being applied more frequently in the diagnostic evaluation of children with developmental disorders; novel pathologic chromosomal abnormalities are being identified in relation to various type of epilepsies in childhood. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl with a history of speech delay and communication disorder, mild dysmorphic features, and absence epilepsy with a de novo microdeletion 15q26.1. A much larger (5 Mb) but overlapping microdeletion has been previously reported in similar several cases with similar phenotype including intractable myoclonic and absence epilepsy, growth delay, and dysmorphic features. This leads us to propose that a potential candidate gene or genes within the deleted region involved in the pathogenesis of some forms of generalized intractable epilepsy, previously considered idiopathic should consider genetic study for childhood epilepsies especially if it was associated with underlying developmental delay in any particular aspect as speech delay in our case.

HIV can cause numerous health-related complications that can lead to disabilities and affect the quality of life. Some problems added with HIV, like peripheral neuropathy (PN), may develop additional impediments in this population. Purpose: This study investigated PN’s impact on the cardio-motor profile of Hispanic Latino living with HIV. Methods: A submaximal cardiovascular test (Ross test) was conducted to obtain the study’s cardiomotor results. Cardiomotor data were compiled from records of members enrolled at La Perla de Gran Precio Community Centre on HIV in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Results: The motor profile included the speed and inclination of the treadmill. The cardiovascular data had blood pressure and heart rate at the time Ross’s test was terminated. Two hundred and ninety-one participants were further designated as 225 in the non-PN and 66 in the PN group. Both groups average comparable amounts of CD4 counts. An ANOVA was used to determine variations in the PN group with a considerable (P < 0.05) increase in the time of HIV diagnosis and a reduction in gait velocity and treadmill inclination distinguished to counterpart. Conclusion: Hispanic Latino living with HIV and PN displayed distinctive motor gait deficiencies. Gait parameters, such as gait speed, were further impaired in those suffering from both conditions. We encourage healthcare providers to incorporate the specific cardio-motor items alluded to in this investigation to identify the process influencing gait that further alters the quality of life in those with HIV.

Salmonella is one of the major and important foodborne pathogens of humans and animals causing salmonellosis, which have great medical and economical cost. Salmonella is comprised of two species, Salmonella bongori and Salmonella enterica, and more than 2500 recognized serovars. However, most zoonotic salmonellosis cases are caused by relatively few serovars within S. enterica. Animals and foods of animal origin are known to play a major role as a source of a variety of zoonotic Salmonella serotypes. Consumption of raw or under cooked beef and beef products are the main source of zoonotic salmonellosis. Some studies in Ethiopia reports on zoonotic salmonellosis from diarrheal patients commonly from under-five children, animals and foods of animal origin. Even though there are reports of Salmonella isolated from both humans and animals there is little information about the magnitude of the zoonotic Salmonella caused by beef and beef products. An adverse human health consequence due to the occurrence of salmonella is common in the current situation. Therefore, considering the nature of such microorganisms is important while developing treatment, prevention and controlling techniques at the value chain systems.

Flow injection analysis (FIA) is a simple and versatile analytical technology for automating wet chemical analysis, based on the physical and chemical manipulation of a dispersed sample zone formed from the injection of the sample into a flowing carrier stream and detection downstream. Flow injection analysis is highly efficient technique for the automated analyses of samples. Unlike the centrifugal analyzer, in which the number of samples is limited by the transfer disk’s size, FIA allows for the rapid, sequential analysis of an unlimited number of samples. FIA is one example of a continuous-flow analyzer, in which we sequentially introduce samples at regular intervals into a liquid carrier stream that transports them to the detector. The principle is similar to that of segmented flow analysis (SFA) but no air is injected into the sample or reagent streams. FIA is computer compatible and allows automated handling of sample and reagent solutions with a strict control of reaction conditions. FIA is an automated method of chemical analysis in which a sample is injected into a flowing carrier solution that mixes with reagents before reaching a detector. Unlike chromatography, however, flow injection analysis is not a separation technique. Because all components in a sample move with the carrier stream’s flow rate, it is possible to introduce a second sample before the first sample reaches the detector. As a result, flow injection analysis is ideally suited for the rapid throughput of samples. FIA is a general solution-handling technique, applicable to a variety of tasks ranging from pH or conductivity measurement to colorimetry, titrations and enzymatic assays.

Regional integration offers participating countries advantages including the enlargement of the economic space, increased efficiency and the development of interregional trade. In the African regional communities, these assets are slow to emerge because of insufficient progress in the implementation of protocols, lack of economic diversification and various supply-side constraints. Moreover, Africa’s ability to participate fully in world trade is currently hampered by weaknesses in private investment inflows, commodity dependence, non-existent or poorly developed infrastructure, and small regional markets

This article analyzes social problems linked to child poverty in the United States from the perspective of social conflict theory. Specifically, this article depicts the poverty meas-urements used to evaluate poverty issues in the United States. It also describes the United States’ efforts to reform social welfare policies to decrease child poverty. This article aims to educate social work students about factors directly connected to child poverty, such as unemployment, low wages, family structure, education, and immigrants. In doing so, this article uses social theories such as social conflict theory to understand what aspects of American culture are linked to the persistence of child poverty. Finally, this article dis-cusses the long-term plans and massive efforts required to reduce the causes of poverty.