Recent Articles

There is the flagrant unauthorized use of people’s personality in the Commonwealth Caribbean, yet the tort of appropriation of personality is grossly underutilized in the region. The Author aimed at ascertaining the reason this situation persists in the Commonwealth Caribbean. The contribution to the introduction and development of appropriation of personality in the Commonwealth Caribbean made by the judgment of the only case on appropriation of personality in the region, Robert Nesta Marley Foundation v Dino Mitchelle Ltd was also discussed. The only other case on appropriation of personlity from the region Georgia Messam v Clive Morris and Milton Williams was also discussed. Traditionally, the development of the law in the Commonwealth Caribbean was along the lines of passing off based on United Kingdom jurisprudence. Recently the development of the tort has been along the lines of Canadian law. It is suggested that the tort should be developed along the lines of both Canadian and German jurisprudence. Resultantly, amendments to the law based on both Canadian and German laws were suggested.

The role of play therapy as a research tool is examined after its use in a project directed to study family with at least one migrant member in deprived rural contexts in Mexico. Eighteen families were approached throughout home visits as part of social support services. Videos of the interaction with family members by using play therapy techniques were analyzed with the purpose to establish its advantages and limitations to collect information about the family dynamics. It was found that play therapy is an effective research tool in family studies, since this is a non-intrusive way to elicit feelings, spontaneous behaviors, and change in the family dynamics. Some of the advantages and limitations of this technique are further discussed eliciting practical guidelines for its use.

71-year-old male patient with hypertension, obesity and personal history of prostate adenocarcinoma with blast bone metastases. Admitted after fall and pathological right pertrochanteric fracture. Programmed surgery is performed by means of endomedullary nailing on the fractured right hip and prophylactic left hip. Pre-surgical nasopharyngeal exudate for coronavirus is positive, with no apparent clinical translation. Three hours after surgery, the patient begins with dyspnea, central thoracic pain of a pleuritic nature and a feeling of imminent death. Physical examination reveals poor general condition, hypotension, diaphoresis, tachypnea and desaturation, without neurological affectation. Treatment is initiated with intensive serotherapy, oxygen therapy and analgesia. Analysis reveals troponin and normal NT-proBNP with elevated LDH and D-dimer, as well as mild metabolic acidosis. The electrocardiogram and transthoracic echocardiogram do not show any alterations. Urgent pulmonary CT-angiography targets signs compatible with fat embolism (see figure 1). The hemodynamic and respiratory instability improve progressively, not requiring admission to ICU, appearing at twelve hours bilateral axillary petechiae. Pulmonary fat embolism syndrome is rare, and can appear after fractures and long-bone surgery [1]. The classic clinical triad is hypoxemia, neurological alteration and petechiae[²], due to the presence of fatty emboli in the circulation and pulmonary parenchyma.

66-year-old patient with a history of alcoholism and smoking, chronic iron deficiency anemia treated with oral iron who was admitted for streptococcal brain abscess, during the etiological study we found arteriovenous shunt on echocardiography and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, undergoing endovascular closure of the same during stay. In the physical examination, perioral teleangiectasis was observed, when meeting the Curaçao criteria, a genetic study of hereditary hemorrhagic teleangiectasia was requested, which was positive.

Most rectal foreign bodies (FB) are a result of insertion for sexual gratification. FB in the rectum as. result of sexual assault in males by the female partner is rare. A 32-year-ol man presented with a 6-day history of deep anal pain and lower abdominal pain, following an assault by a female partner while he was drunk. Physical examination and plain radiography confirmed a FB in the rectum. The FB was removed at exploratory laparotomy following failed attempt at trans rectal removal under spinal anaesthesia. The FB was confirmed to be a perfume canister. The patient has remained well at two months of follow up. Male sexual assault by female is not uncommon and can lead to disastrous effects. The female sexual assault on male is underreported and reported usually when there are complications. There is need to do more in-depth study to investigate the incidence of this.

Several layers of various soft tissues with interchanging characteristics exist below and above the zygomatic arch, this makes the temporal region anatomy somewhat uneasy to comprehend and recall. The frontal (or Temporal) branch of facial nerve is however the ultimate reason why it becomes important to study this area. Apart from Plastic, aesthetic and Reconstructive surgery, few other surgical specialties often need to work on this region, some of the common procedures include Coronal approaches; Zygoma fracture reduction; Temporoparietal flap elevation; Face and brow lift. There was a need for thorough review of this area from a surgeon’s perspective and to come up with as clear possible messages to be made in regard this topic. After an extensive literature search, we came up with few conclusions and three key illustrations that we strongly believe are crucial to be remembered. The rationale of following certain path of dissection in the temporal region, depending on the planned operation is explained. Eponyms used in literature for various structures have been discussed and clarified. The relationship of the frontal nerve to its surrounding fasciae within the zygomatic zone and Temporoparietal fascia is further explored. This updated review and guidelines are specifically been developed and recommended as an educational tool for in training surgical residents of concerned specialties, as well as for practicing surgeons in those areas to update their anatomy knowledge of this critical region.

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a congenital syndrome most associated with mutations on chromosome 16p13.3 that can result in both benign and malignant neurologic and hematologic neoplasms of various primary origins. We present the case of a 39-year old female with RSTS who presented with severe abdominal and pelvic pain. Abdominal and pelvic imaging revealed multiple masses involving the uterus, liver and spleen concerning for malignancy. Biopsies from the endometrium and cervix confirmed this as a poorly differentiated, widely invasive squamous cell carcinoma. This represents the first case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of gynecologic origin in a patient with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. This case aims to raise awareness of the gynecological malignancy in patients with RSTS as well as serves as a reminder to clinicians to have a broad differential diagnosis in all patients which may help lead to early recognition of pathology.

This paper presents results of the author on Salvia officinalis and Salvia microphylla and COVID19. The results were achieved with dried Salvia officinalis leaves and with fresh Salvia microphylla leaves. The properties of fresh leaves appear with the taste as being much richer in antiviral agents, drying reduces the antiviral activity. The experiments presented in this paper are on the author himself, do not involve biosampling to confirm in laboratory but existing data in the published literature confirms the excellent efficiency of Salvia officinalis against COVID19 and a large array of other diseases. The self-experiments were very successful against COVID19, opening a path for natural treatment.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare biphasic low-grade malignancy accounting for only 0.5% of all salivary gland tumors. Commonly, EMC affects parotid gland (70%) and rarely affecting other salivary glands. Clearing of both, epithelial and myoepithelial cell types, is rare and gives an impression of a monocellular neoplasm. Case report: A 42-year-old male reported to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University with a painless growth in the floor of mouth since 5 years. The soft tissue window of computerized tomography (CT) revealed a well-circumscribed swelling in the sublingual space. The provisional diagnosis was pleomorphic adenoma. Results: The histopathological examination showed solid sheets of rounded to polyhedral clear cells forming lobes and lobules separated by connective tissue mucoid septa. A thin fibrous capsule, invaded with some tumor cells was also present. The presented pattern of clear cells together with the encapsulation of the tumor provides an impression of clear cell variant of monocellular neoplasm. Conclusion: The presented case relates to an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma originating from the sublingual salivary gland, which is a rare site for this lesion. Based on immunohistochemical staining, differentiation between the double clear cell types was confirmed using S-100 protein and SMA for the myoepithelial nature of the outer cells while the epithelial nature of the inner cells was confirmed by CK-19 and EMA. Thus, the diagnosis of double clear cell variant of EMC was given.

Background Estrogen receptors (ER), Progesterone receptors (PR) expression is seen in non cancer breast lesions like juvenile fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumour. Materials and Methods This is a prospective study on a study population that comprised fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumor. Results While a few studies indicate that ER/PR expression correlates with a more benign outcome ,we did not see the same in our population. Ki 67 proliferation was greater in the stromal component of phyllodes tumours,compared to fibroadenomas.