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International Journal of Animal Research

International Journal of Animal Research

LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCT TRENDS BY 2050: REVIEW

Review Article of International Journal of Animal Research LIVESTOCK AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCT TRENDS BY 2050: REVIEW Melkamu Bezabih Yitbarek Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University This review was done on livestock and livestock product trends by 2050 from different scientific papers. Globally, livestock and livestock products are changing rapidly in response to human population growth (9.2 billion), urbanization (70%), and growing incomes (1.1-3.1%) by 2050. More than 60 billion land animals are used worldwide for meat, egg, and dairy production. The global livestock population could exceed 100 billion by 2050, pig meat by 290%; sheep and goat meat by 200%; beef and buffalo meat by 180%; milk by 180%; poultry meat by 700%; and egg by 90%. In 2004, livestock consumes nearly 43% of feed and could rise to 48–55% by 2050. Global feed demand will be almost doubled, and 1.3 billion tonnes of grain is consumed by farm animals each year. The average grazing intensities in the world are expected to increase by about 70%, from 0.19 in 2000 to 0.098 Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU) per ha in 2050 and uses one-third of the world’s fresh water. Climate change may alter the productivity, reproductive efficiency of animals. Contrarily, livestock production is a significant contributor to environmental problems, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation, water pollution, and increased health problems. To solve the challenges of livestock and livestock products,, biotechnology and nanotechnology are being harnessed in various aspects of the livestock industry to hasten breed development for improved animal health and welfare, enhanced reproduction, and improved nutritional quality and safety of animal-derived foods. Keywords:Feed, Grazing intensity, Livestock ...
International Journal of Animal Research

A Study of Insects Attracted to Selected Baits in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

Research Article of International Journal of Animal Research A Study of Insects Attracted to Selected Baits in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria Ekejiuba Emeka Emmanuel, Ewuim Sylvanus Chima and Ogbodo Chinenye Vera Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria Insects attracted to five selected baits which includes; honey, sugar, dry fish, stock fish and cray fish in two environments were studied in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria using funnel trapping technique. T-test was used to analyse the relative abundance of the insects collected between the two environments at 5% significance level. The individual insects collected were identified into four (4) orders, six (6) families and (8) species. A total of 495 insects were collected from the study and the total number of insects attracted to the field (295) was higher than that collected from the store (200). The results further showed that out of the four insect orders captured, Hymenoptera recorded the highest number of insects in both environments (346), while Lepidoptera had the least number of insects (13). Paratrechina sp. was the highest insect species collected throughout the study with the relative abundance of (25.25%) while Galleria mellonella was the least species collected with the relative abundance of (2.63%) and strictly associated with the honey bait. There was no significant difference between the insect orders attracted to baits in the two environments (P=0.16).The present research linked the high number of captured insect species to the foraging activities on the baits. Keywords: insects, baits, environments, funnel trap ...
International Journal of Animal Research

HEAMATOLOGY AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF GROWING RABBITS FED DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF INDIGOFERA ZOLLINGERIANA LEAF MEAL

Research Article of International Journal of Animal Research HEAMATOLOGY AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF GROWING RABBITS FED DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF INDIGOFERA ZOLLINGERIANA LEAF MEAL Alagbe, J.Oa and Oluwafemi, R.Ab aDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Sumitra Research Farm, Gujarat, India. bDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja. Nigeria This study was conducted to determine the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of growing rabbits fed diet supplemented with Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal (IZM). A total number of Fifty (50) growing rabbits of between seven and eight weeks of age were randomly assigned to five treatment groups in a completely randomized design. Each group was replicated five times with two rabbits per replicate. Five experimental diets were formulated such that T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 was supplemented with IZM at 0g, 2.5g, 5.0g, 7.5g and 10g respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The hematological parameters determined included pack cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials while those of serum biochemical indices are: total protein, globulin, albumin, cholesterol, serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT). Results on hematology revealed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the values of PCV, RBC, MCV, WBC and its differentials. Hb, MCH and MCHC values were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary supplementation of IZM. All results on the serum biochemical parameters showed that there was no significant (P>0.05) differences among the treatments. It was concluded that dietary supplementation of IZM up to 10g/kg had no deleterious effect on the hematology and serum biochemical parameters of rabbits. Keywords: Growing rabbits; hematology, serum biochemical parameters; Indigofera zollingeriana ...
International Journal of Animal Research

The Power of Homeopathy in Animal Diseases

Review Article of International Journal of Animal Research The Power of Homeopathy in Animal Diseases Dr Balaji Deekshitulu P V Homeopathy Physician and Counseling Psychologist, Sri Balaji Homeopathy & Personal Counseling Center, Tirupati, A.P, India.cell:8885391722 / 7207255557. Homeopathy a medicine (remedy) is selected which would produce in a healthy body the same symptoms found in the sick animal (“like cures like”). This substance is selected from herbs, minerals, and natural compounds which are then diluted beyond the point of possible toxicity.This review article explains that Homeopathy Treat met is best treatment in animals also. Keywords: Diseases, Homeopathy, Animals ...

Professor Herbert W. Ockerman
Emeritus Professor, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Plumb Hall 230 A, 2027 Coffey Road, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

Dr. Osama Ibrahim Azawi
Professor, Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Gynecology and Andrology, Dept. of Surgery and Theriogenology, Coll. Vet. Med., Univ. of Mosul.

Prof. Gamal I.A. Karrouf
Faculty of Science, Medical Physics Department, King Abdulaziz University

Dr. Akbar Nikkhah
Distinguished Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 313-45195 Iran

Dr. Gelase Fredy Nsonde Ntandou
Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien NGOUABI University

Dr. Celal Bal
Gaziantep University Oguzeli Vocaitonal School and Higher Education

Dr. S.D. KHARCHE
Principal Scientist (AR), PR&SM Division, ICAR-C.I.R.G., Makhdoom

Dr. Nayan Roy
Assistant professor of Zoology, M. U. C. Women’s College, Dept. of Zoology

Dr. YASİN DEMİRASLAN
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Veterinary, Medicine Department of Anatomy

Dr Seyyed Shamsadin Athari

Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences

Dr. Mohammad Shah Jahan
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

Dr. Meena M.K. 
Assistant Professor, Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences

Dr. Anmar A. M. Al-Wazeer
Assistant professor, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kufa

Dr. Tairon Pannunzio Dias e Silva
Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo.

Dr. Alessandra Pelagalli
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Naples, ITALY

Dr. Moustafa M. Zeitoun
Professor, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, El-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University

Dr. H. P. Puttaraju
Professor and Chairman Department of Sericulture/Life sciences and Coordinator for Biological Sciences and UGC- Innovative Programme Bangalore University Bangalore- 560 056

Dr. Elsayed Ibrahim ELAGAMY
Professor, Department of Applied Medical Sciences, College of Community (Unaizah), Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Dr. L.D.Singla
Professor and head, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

Dr. Saber Mohamed Abd-Allah
Professor, Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.

Dr. Sunanda Sharma
Associate Professor & Head, Department of Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics’, College of Veterinary And Animal Science, Navania-Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Rajasthan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bikaner-334001, India.

Dr. Deepak Kumar Tiwari
Assistant Professor, Department of Vety Surgery & Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, LUVAS

Dr. Farhad Mirzaei
Member of Department of Animal Production Management, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran

Dr. Ionel BONDOC
Associate Professor, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Iasi (ROMANIA), Department of Public Health

Dr. Md. Moin Ansari
Associate Professor-cum-Senior Scientist, Division of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Dr. I. Shanker Goud
Director of Research & Principal Scientist(Breeding), AICRP on Sunflower and Groundnut

Dr. M Ramachandra Mohan
Professor & Centenary year Chairman, Dept of Zoology Bangalore University

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References: References should be listed in a numbered citation order at the end of the manuscript. DOIs and links to referenced articles should be added if available. Abstracts and talks for conferences or papers not yet accepted should not be cited. Examples Published Papers: 

1.Ayşe KILIÇ, Nurgül BİRBEN, Fatma TÜRKARSLAN AKBABA, Muhammed Fatih TURSUN, Osman KOÇ, Aslıhan ARSLAN. The Investigation of the Infectious Agalactiae Infection in Sheep and Goat Milk Samples. International Journal of Animal Research, 2018; 2:19. DOI:10.28933/ijar-2018-03-1801 
2.Sus Derthi Widhyari, Setyo Widodo, Agus Wijaya, Anita Esfandiari, Retno Wulansari, Arief Purwo Mihardi, Lina Maylina, Helni Novitri. Concentration of Calcium and Phosphate Serum Following Administration of Zinc in Friesian Holstein Bulls. International Journal of Animal Research, 2018; 2:18. DOI: 10.28933/ijar-2017-19-1901 

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Open Access

International Journal of Animal Research is a peer reviewed open access journal publishing research manuscripts, review articles, editorials, letters to the editor in Animal Research (Indexing information).

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International Journal of animal research

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