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American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, Most Read

Antimicrobial Properties of Prosopis cineraria stem bark

Research Article of American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Antimicrobial Properties of Prosopis cineraria stem bark Saif Al Ghais, Vibha Bhardwaj*, Pramod Kumbhar Environment Sustainability, Department Environment Protection & Development Authority (EPDA), Ras Al Khaimah, UAE Infectious diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Nowadays, medicinal plants play a major role in treatment of infectious diseases and they are easily available and more affordable as compared to synthetic compounds. The emerging trends of multidrug resistance among several groups of microorganisms against different classes of antibiotics led different researchers to develop efficient drugs from plant sources to counter multidrug resistant strains. This study investigated two different concentration of methanol extracts of stem bark of Prosopis cineraria to determine their efficacy against multidrug resistant microbes. Powdered barks of the tree were treated with methanol using hot extraction method. Crude methanol extracts of the bark of P. cineraria was investigated for their antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria (both gram-positive and gram-negative) by disc diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin was used as standard. Multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), E. coli (ATCC 8739), Salmonella enterica (ATCC 14028), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) were used in the study. The methanolic bark extracts of P. cineraria showed a remarkable inhibition of the microorganisms. The potency shown by these extracts recommends their use against multidrug resistant microorganisms. The present study suggests that the methanol extract of the stem bark of P. cineraria exhibited a potential antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms and could be a potential source of new antimicrobial agents. Keywords:  Prosopis cineraria, antibacterial, ciprofloxacin, bark, microorganisms ...
American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, Most Read

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in Greek swine farms

Research Article of American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in Greek swine farms Dimitrios Papadopoulos1, Evanthia Petridou1, (†) Georgios Filioussis1, Theofilos Papadopoulos1, Konstantinos Papageorgiou1, Maria Chatzistilianou2, Spyridon K. Kritas1 1Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 2Clinic of  Pediatrics-Immunology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Campylobacter species are one of four key global causes of human diarrheal diseases, according to W.H.O. It is considered to be the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the world. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) and Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) in Greek commercial swine farms, and describe the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated strains. A total of 1,000 rectal swabs (50 per farm) were collected from twenty swine farms in Greece. Ten rectal samples had been randomly collected from each of five age-groups (suckling piglets, nursery pigs, grower pigs, finisher pigs, sows). Isolation of Campylobacter spp. was performed using the ISO 10272-1:2017. A PCR method, based on the amplification of mapAC.jejuni and ceuEC.coli specific genes, was used for identification of the isolated strains. All isolates were tested for their susceptibility against gentamycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and meropenem; EUCAST guidelines were used for the interpretation. The results showed that 16 out of the 20 farms (80%) and 491 (49%) of the samples were positive for Campylobacter spp.  Prevalence of C.coli was 38% (95% CI 35.1-41.1) and of C.jejuni 10.9% (95% CI 9,1-13.0).  Sows were 1.4 times more likely to be colonized by Campylobacter spp than sucking piglets (p<0.05) while nursery and grower pigs were 2.14 and 2 times more likely to ...
American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, Most Read

Current practices in Greek broiler farms as related to the technical status of the establishments and equipment

Research Article of American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Current practices in Greek broiler farms as related to the technical status of the establishments and equipment A. Xexaki1*, E.N. Sossidou2, G. Filiousis1 and E. Petridou1 1Aristotle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece, 2Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece. The aim of this study was to describe breeding and managerial practices performed in two main categories of broiler farms as related to their technical status i.e. years of functioning, facilities, equipment, etc. One hundred thirty two farms, randomly selected, sited in regions which represent more than 70% of the Greek broiler production were examined. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data by personal interviews with the farm managers including biosecurity measures, harvesting system, feeding and watering method, staff, microclimate in broiler house, antimicrobial therapy and information about the establishment and equipment of the farm as well as the genotype, age and population of the flock. First results indicate that biosecurity measures in farms in good technical status perceive more importance (presence of anteroom and foot bath, P≤0.05) than farms in bad status. Moreover, 93.3% of the farms in bad technical status use straw as bedding material in contrast with the 28.2 % of the farms in good status where rice hulls is used (P≤0.05). Both categories of farms rear Ross genotype while Cobb genotype is only reared in farms in good technical status (P≤0.05). Finally, water equipment differs significantly (P≤0.05) between the two farm categories. Nipple drinkers without a tray is used by 40.4% of the farms in good technical status while 58.3% the farms in low level of hygiene have water equipment with nipple drinkers with tray. This study presents preliminary results of a PhD thesis in progress ...
American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

Review on Plants Therapeutic Effects against Gastrointestinal Microbes

Review Article of American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Review on Plants Therapeutic Effects against Gastrointestinal Microbes Abdallah, M.S 1&.,Rusea, G2., Mustafa, M.2 and Nallapan, M2. 1.Desert research monitoring and control centre, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria. 2.Department of Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor Malaysia. Plants play a vital role in many health care systems, be it rural or an urban community. Plants became familiar as medicine due to the ancient ideologies and believes. Several plants parts of plants served as medicines to so many ailments including gastrointestinal ailments, due to the fact that their active ingredients are powerful against the microbes. Most of the microbes identified were gram negative bacteria as well as some gram positive. Some of the principal antibacterial components of plants were recommended being polar compounds. While most of the acknowledged components with antimicrobial activity extracted from plants were aromatic or saturated organic compounds which were more soluble in polar solvents such as water and methanol. As such plants materials in one way or the other are very active when dealing with microbes due to their active ingredients. Keywords: Ailments, compounds, Gastrointestinal, microbes and plants ...
American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, Most Cited

Oedematous skin disease (OSD) transmission among buffaloes

Research Article of American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology Oedematous skin disease (OSD) transmission among buffaloes Arafa M.I. 1; Hamouda S.M. 1; Rateb H.Z. 2 ; Abdel-Hafeez.M.M*1.; and Aamer.A.A. 2 1Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt, Assiut Lab. 2Dep. of Ani. Med. Faculty of Vet. Med. Ass. Univ. During buffaloe OSD spread in a village affiliating to Assiut Governorate-Egypt, 44 buffaloe cows hosted and owned sporadically were subjected to the study. From 43 buffaloe cows (had closed lesions either edematous or nodular) and a buffaloe cow (had open ulcerative lesion), Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis equi (C. ps. equi) as 72% and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ovis (C. ps. ovis) as 28% were isolated and identified. Blood sucking insects hosted on the infected buffaloe cows (22) louse fly (Hippobosca equine) and 20 Haematopinus eurysternus lice were included during the study where both C. ps. equi and C. ps. ovis were isolated from Hippobosca equina ( H equina) but failed to isolate any biovar of C. ps. from Haematopinus eurysternus lice (H. eur.). Moreover, C. ps. equi was isolated from two H equina pupae – lab deposited – as well as a H equina second generation fly concluding that there is endosymbiosis nature of C. ps. limited only to H. equina fly which can transmit C.ps. vertically. Keywords: Buffaloes, oedematous skin disease, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Hippobosca equina ...

Dr. Aziza Mahrous Mohamed Amer
Dean and Professor of pharmacology Department of Pharmacology – Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.; Fellow of National Academy of Science and Technology 2016; Member of Drug Council Academy of Science and Technology 2016

Dr. Pongsak Rattanachaikunsopon
Professor, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand

Dr. Ying-Yu Jin
Head of Fermentation Team, Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Yongin, Korea; Research Professor, Department of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea.

Dr. Helen Treichel
Professor, Researcher, Deputy Coordinator of Research and Graduate Studies and Coordinator of the Graduate Program, Environmental Science and Technology at Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS) – Campus Erechim

Dr. Liesel Brenda Gende
Professor of Food Microbiology and Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Mar del Plata University, Buenos Aires-Argentina. Researcher at CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina). Fellow of the Research Center on Social Bees. Specialty in apicultural microbiology.

Dr. Akrum Hamdy 
Prof. Poultry Physiology, Department Head of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Egypt, Fellow Academy Scientific Research and Technology

Dr. Mohamed Hamed Mohamed Al-Agamy
Professor, Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Dr. Aditi Singh
Associate Professor, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity Univesity Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Malhaur, Gomti Nagar Extension, Lucknow-226028.

Dr. Kantha Deivi Arunachalam 
Professor and Head, Centre for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research & Virtual Education, SRM University, Chennai, Tamilnadu., India.

Profa. Dra. Fabiana América Souza 
Universidade de Pernambuco – UPE (Campus Mata Norte), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Universidade do Minho – UMinho/Portugal, Fundação de Ensino Superior de Olinda – FUNESO.

Dr.  Parichat Phumkhachorn
Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, THAILAND

Dr. Bamidele RAHEEM 
Researcher, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Dr. Iran ALEMZADEH
Professor, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9468, Tehran IRAN.

Dr. Younes Smani
Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Group, University of Seville/CSIC/University Hospitals Virgen del Rocio and Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.

Dr. Surabhi Mishra
Resarch Scientist, Dept. of Microbiology, University of Iowa, IA – 52242

Dr. Elsayed Ibrahim Elagamy
Professor of Immunology, Department of Applied Medical Sciences, College of Community (Unaizah), Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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1.Ibeh Isaiah Nnanna. Elevated Serum Procalcitonin an Adjunct for Early detection of Infant Tuberculosis in Paediatric HIV/AIDS. American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, 2016,1:8. DOI: 10.28933/nnanna-ajmi-10-2016 

2.Jamal Bayed Salim.,Ahmed K. Bolad, Hamid Suliman A.. andss Mujeeb A.Kabbashi. The effect of Transfer Factor as Immunotherapy comparing with the effect of BCG in Mice challenged with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, 2017; 2:1. DOI: 10.28933/ajmi-2017-02-2801 

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Open Access

American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology is a peer reviewed open access journal publishing research manuscripts, review articles, editorials, letters to the editor in Microbiology and Immunology (Indexing details).

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American Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

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