Recent Articles

Ready to Eat (RTE) sorghum cookies were prepared by incorporating green gram flour at 10%, 20%, 30%, dried mango powder at 10% and evaluated for their physico-chemical and nutritional properties. Protein, fat, fiber and ash increased with increase in green gram flour substitution as carbohydrate content decreased significantly. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in protein content were seen in cookies ranging from 9.52% to 13.60%. Fiber increased significantly from 9.40% to 10.90%. In vitro protein digestibility ranged from 67.75 ± 0.01% to 90.05 ± 0.10 %. Vitamins analysed increased with addition of green gram flour. Thiamine content ranged from 0.22±0.02 to 0.61±0.02 mg/100g, riboflavin from 0.09±0.00 to 1.39±0.04 mg/100g and ascorbic acid from 13.87±0.79 to 19.31±0.94 mg/100g. Value addition of under-utilized crops like sorghum and green grams can play a vital role in development of high nutritional quality RTE products.

Introduction: A prospective study was carried out, with the aim of establishing the clinical manifestations of cholelithiasis in the population of Quito, Ecuador. Methods: During the period from January 2012 to October 2017, 534 patients were referred from different outpatient clinics of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security to the Batan Medical Center with the diagnosis of cholelithiasis after a clinical assessment and abdominal ultrasound, to be treated surgically. Results: Sixty-nine percent of patients were female with a male-female ratio of 1:2.21. Mean age was 44.9 years. Pain was the most common symptom in our study: 95.7%. Among these patients, pain was located in the epigastrium in 49.8%, in the right hypochondrium in 45.1% and only 0.8% had low back pain. Pain ranged from moderate and even severe. The remaining 4.3% of patients had dyspepsia or were asymptomatic. Conclusions: This finding highlights the fact that epigastric pain must be always considered as a clinical manifestation on cholelithiasis.

Femoral neck fractures are common fractures in the elderly, especially in elderly women. There are many mature treatment methods for femoral neck fractures. However, which option is better is still controversial. In order to allow clinicians to better develop treatment plans for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, this article summarizes the diagnosis and treatment status of elderly femoral neck fractures from the aspects of epidemiology, etiology and diagnosis, treatment methods and progress of elderly femoral neck fractures.

Food systems of the future that will guarantee food and nutrition security of millions of poor farming households will have to be both economically and socially diverse. Diversity of farming systems acts as a catalyst for innovation, commercialisation as well as technology adoption. This study sought to find farm typologies and explore the social, enterprise and economic diversity of the various farm types based on a promoted Growing Bananas with Trees and Livestock (GBTL) technology system that was implemented by National Agricultural Research Organisation and Bioversity International in three districts of Central Uganda, Kiboga, Nakaseke and Ssembabule. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), typologies were created in which two distinct clusters of farming households were revealed. Further analysis of the clusters through Food Consumption Scores, food classes, and other descriptive statistics indicated that the two clusters were socially and economically diverse. Findings indicated that Cluster 1 is made up of smaller farms with high crop diversity. Families in Cluster 1 sell more of their produce and subsequently have lower food security compared to the land-abundant, off-farm earning and more food secure Cluster 2. We failed to reject the hypothesis that socially and economically diverse farmers adopt technologies more given that the level of GBTL adoption was about 25% and about 70% for Banana + Goats within both clusters.

At the current moment, there is no single approach regarding diagnostics and after-treatment of compression stenosis of the celiac axis. This work aims to study the state of the vasculature of the stomach and intestinal tract during compression stenosis of the celiac axis. Compression stenosis of the celiac axis is a disease caused by extravasal pressure of the celiac axis of the abdominal aorta applied by the arcuate ligament of the diaphragm, diaphragmatic peduncle, or neurophibromatic tissue of celiac plexus. It presents in chronic abdominal pain, dyspeptic events, and neurovegetative disorders. This work aims to study the state of the vasculature of the stomach and intestinal tract during compression stenosis of the celiac axis. Materials and methods. Intraorgan vasculature has been studied – 18 specimens of stomachs and intestinal tracts, gathered during autopsies of dead bodies with compression stenosis of the celiac axis. Autopsie material has been studied sensu L. Reiner. Research has been conducted with angiology, roentgenologic and histologic methods. To achieve the set goal a universal method has been developed, based on classical impregnation methods: intravascular – Ranvier-Goyer, and immersional – Belschowsky-Gros. Results. The conducted research has allowed locating significant changes of histostructure of microcirculation vessels’ vascular wall: wall shredding, edema of basal membrane, swelling of perivascular connective tissue. Overall the stomach and intestinal tract looked paralytically dilated. The most prominent morphologic changes of microvasculature have been revealed in the pyloric part of the stomach and first intestinal segment of dodecadactylon. In addition to diffuse atrophic changes of the stomach lining and intestinal lining, observed during stenosis of the celiac axis, these changes take the form of helcoid process in separate parts of it. As a result, the conducted research has allowed exposing prominent changes of histostructure of vascular walls of stomach and intestines during compression stenosis of…

Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients living with the human immunodeficiency virus and making use of antiretroviral medication. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional analytical study that was conducted from May to July 2018. The nutritional status was determined through the evaluation of anthropometric data. The anthropometric measurements collected were: body mass index, brachial circumference, triceps skin fold and waist circumference. Results: We evaluated 120 patients in regular use of antiretroviral therapy. According to the body mass index, most individuals (41.2%) presented eutrophy, followed by overweight (35.7%). Regarding waist circumference, about 30% of patients presented a much increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. It was also observed that 47.5% of the patients presented eutrophy through the arm circumference parameter. Regarding the anthropometric parameter, triceps skin fold, it was observed that 29.9% of the patients presented severe malnutrition, followed by obesity (24.2%). Conclusion: It is known that even individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy, aiming at slowing the progression of the disease, may present a possible involuntary weight loss during treatment. When related, the parameters of arm circumference, triceps skin fold, and waist circumference characterize the clinical signs of lipodystrophic syndrome, defined as abnormal redistribution of body fat. It is concluded that constant nutritional monitoring of patients in regular use of antiretroviral therapy drugs is necessary in order to prevent possible complications in the nutritional status of patients living with the human immunodeficiency virus.

Objective: To review the literature on new techniques of food conservation, focusing on the use of ultrasound. Material and methods: Bibliographic survey through digital platforms such as Scielo and Pubmed between 2018-2019. Results: Ultrasound is an innovative technology with great possibilities of use on an industrial scale. The main techniques used are: 1. cooking: uniform heat transfer, increasing the quality in characteristics such as taste, color and texture, preserving properties such as essential proteins being more effective than the frying pan; 2. cutting, widely used – cavitation will generate less losses and give precise cuts than the razor ; 3. The freezing/crystallization – the temperature decreases quickly having less ice crystals and reducing the time it would take if it was a freezing process; and finally 4, the emulsification, using less energy and less separation, giving more stability than the mechanical process. The ultrasound presents its alterations in meat foods as an improvement in texture and benefits in the extraction of proteins. Conclusion: Thus, the Ultrasonic Technology has great potential in the conservation of food, by keeping them stable with its characteristics. Its applicability is still being studied for better adaptation in the industrial scale. The nutritionist should be aware of these new techniques to help in the formulation of products with better nutritional value and food safety.

Vital to completing advanced educational and training programs beyond the undergraduate degree level is realizing specific dispositions and traits. In this paper, the role of mentoring as a critical contributing factor to student success is examined through critical reflection as a form of qualitative inquiry. Traditionally utilized in professional settings to improve practice, critical reflection provided an emergent methodological approach for close examination of personal experiences with mentoring during the learning process in pursuit and subsequent completion of a professional degree (Fook, 2013). This in-depth examination of personal experience derived lessons learned from individuals that successfully navigated the rigor of advanced educational programs to expose mentoring’s role as the key to success.

Background: Ortho-biological therapies such as platelet-rich plasma and autologous tenocyte implantation injections are hypothesized to introduce cellular mediators such as growth factors into tendons, promoting natural healing. Methods: This case introduces a 63-year-old female with an extensive history of lateral hip pain and treatment refractory tendinopathy with tearing. She underwent open surgery to repair the gluteus medius tendon, using supplementary autologous tenocyte implantation (ATI) in conjunction with a Celgro (Orthocell, Perth, Australia) collagen scaffold. Level of evidence: 4 Results: She had normal function in the hip at 12 months. MRI scans post-operatively at 12 months showed a marked reduction in inflammation, an intact tendon and a reduction in atrophic changes in the muscle belly. Conclusion: Surgical repair of a large degenerate tear of the gluteus medius tendon, augmented with autologous tenocyte implantation in a collagen scaffold led to an excellent patient outcome and MRI findings demonstrated tendon healing with improved tendon structure and reduced inflammation.

Background: Little research has been conducted on the estimate formulas for waist circumference using body mass index and limb circumferences in hospitalized older adults. Thus, we conducted the present study to develop estimate formulas of waist circumference using body mass index and limb circumferences in hospitalized older adults. Methods: Forty hospitalized older patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. We measured waist circumference, body mass index, upper arm circumference, forearm circumference, thigh circumference, and calf circumference. The estimate formulas for waist circumference were developed using simple and multiple regression analysis. Results: Simple regression analysis indicated that body mass index, upper arm circumference, forearm circumference, thigh circumference, and calf circumference were independent explanators for waist circumference (p < 0.05 for all). In addition, body mass index, upper arm circumference, and forearm circumference but not thigh circumference and calf circumference were extracted as independent explanators for waist circumference in multiple regression analysis (p < 0.05). We were able to develop the estimate formulas using body mass index, upper arm circumference, forearm circumference, thigh circumference, and calf circumference. Conclusion: The results suggest that the estimate formulas for waist circumference may provide an opportunity to easily evaluate waist circumference, even in hospitalized older adults with kyphosis posture. However, future studies should be conducted to develop the estimate formulas for waist circumference with a lower error value.