Recent Articles

There are significant issues related to the implementation of Mandatory Compliance Training in Not For Profit Aged Care provision in Australia. This paper provides an overview of those issues through an autoethnographic approach based on my 4 decades as an educator. It critiques the application of Mandatory Compliance Training using contemporary understandings of adult learning.

Pharmacy is regarded as one of the most trusted professions in the world. Doctors are very important part of our society. They diagnose the disease and prescribe the medicines for the treatment of the diseases. Like Doctors, Pharmacist is also very important personality because he formulates the medicines, which are prescribed by doctors. So, we can say that without pharmacist, doctors cannot improve the public health and cannot cure the disease. Now, in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes “the inherent dignity” and the “equal and unalienable rights of all members of the human family”. And it is on the basis of this concept of the person, and the fundamental dignity and equality of all human beings, that the notion of patient rights was developed. In other words, what is owed to the patient as a human being, by physicians and by the state, took shape in large part thanks to this understanding of the basic rights of the person. Purpose of the study: Discussion and projection about pharmacy profession and its characteristics, professional behavior and ethical aspects. The pharmacists have a vital role to play with patient rights.Findings: As a human being, patient have several rights to be followed during treatment intervention. Pharmacists are yet to get their status as a healthcare provider to follow and honor those rights. Materials and Methods: Research conducted a comprehensive year-round literature search, which included books, technical newsletters, newspapers, journals, and many other sources. Medicine and technical experts, pharma company executives and representatives were interviewed. Projections were based on all ethical and professional aspects pharmacists need to cover, including patient rights.Research limitations: Very few areas in Asian countries, the patient rights are recognized or followed. Very few providers like to talk about patient rights because of their commercialism and busy schedule….

An emergency presentation of a paraoesophageal hernia with acute respiratory distress and an acute abdomen is a rare presentation. Hereby, we are presenting a 73year old female who presented with an acute dyspnoea and acute bowel obstruction, the imaging revealed large paraoesophageal hernia almost collapsing the right lung, she had an emergency surgery, an anterior gastropexy was performed since she was unstable. Despite subsequent surgeries e.g Collis gastroplasty and mesh cruroplasty, patient developed recurrent hiatal hernia. Unfortunately, the patient ultimately passed away from a vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) bacteraemia and due to overwhelming medical comorbidities. As presentation of paraoesophageal hernia with acute dyspnea and acute abdomen is a rare incidence, we discuss this and its management options through a case report.

Based on the in-depth interviews with ten social work major students in Inner Mongolia university, a qualitative research was conducted on the positive impacts of professional internship on their professional identity. The research results show that professional practice can significantly affect the professional identity of social worker major students, and its impact is as follows: First, helping students strengthen self-knowledge and professional identity; Second, useful for students to integrate theoretical knowledge and practical skills and enhance their sense of achievement and career cognition. In addition, internship supervision helps students to improve professional skills and service capability.

In this study, as doctoral graduate students who participated positive action in international academic presentation between the International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEE2015), and 2015 International Symposium on Cultural Differences (ISCD2016) and 2016 International Symposium on Urban Construction of Rural Culture (ISUCRC2014). This study aims to investigate the impact of International Conference between Taiwan and Croatia Country. After the participation, there are summarized at detailed records, observation, analysis, and aggregate, study research of the three conferences in industry, government, academic research and training of situation. It gets ideas and thoughts to participate in international learning experience, academic exchanges worldwide situation in the region of the countries. This study found that three sessions of proceeding from the paper submission, modification, transportation arrangements, booking travel and accommodation, applying grant, the agenda of Conference and workshop, welcome reception, opening ceremony and thematic papers published seminars, site management, exchange of experts, visiting travel event, banquet dinner party they also have a significant different. This study is tangible to enhance citizen diplomacy, international perspective, and national academic standards. On the intangible outcomes of self-learning attitude adjustment, the spirit of action research, the assist of essay writing, the potential help of international perspective, the effectiveness and inspiration are unmatched. All of experiences to participants in the process cumbersome procedures login, application, registration and other detailing the process are learn. This information should help graduate students and scholars participated in similar International activities and Conference.

Female students tend to take fewer mathematical courses at higher education level due to low performance in mathematics at secondary school level. A number of studies both qualitative and quantitative have attempted to find out causes of low achievement in mathematics among females, Researchers have majorly focused on school environment, biological factors and attitude. There was therefore need to conduct a study to establish the influence of class size on academic achievement among girls at form four level in public secondary schools in Kisumu County. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of class size on academic achievement among girls in mathematics at form four level. Correlation research design was applied to examine the degree of influence that exists between class size and academic achievement in mathematics. The study was conducted in Kisumu County of Kenya. The target population of the study consisted of 142 public secondary schools which presented female candidates for KCSE examinations between 2010 and 2014, 142 Principals, 142 Heads of mathematics department and 390 mathematics teachers who taught the girls under study. Stratified random sampling technique was applied whereby schools were categorized as girls’ secondary schools and mixed secondary schools. Purposive sampling was done to select all the 18 girls’ secondary schools in Kisumu County while random sampling was applied to select 38 out of 124 mixed secondary schools in Kisumu County. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews and document analysis. Instruments of data collection were validated by the researcher’s supervisors and reliability of the instruments was established through test retest method by carrying out a pilot study in 5 schools which were not part of the study sample. Quantitative data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics in form of frequency counts, percentages, means, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and regression analysis. Qualitative…

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the causes of maternal morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is common problem in developing countries. This study was aimed to assess the maternal outcomes of severe pre-eclampsia among pregnant women admitedand managed at at Hidar 11 Hospital in 2018. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among preeclamptic women who were admitted to maternity ward of at Hidar 11 Hospital in a four year period from JAN 1/ 2014 – Decem 31/ 2018. All laboring mothers that are admitted and managed at hidar 11 hospitals was a source population retrieved by review of clinical records and then, the data was collected from April 1-30 2018. Daily completeness of the questionnaire was cross checked by principal investigator for data quality control using prepared checklist after a pretest given. Data regarding patient characteristics and treatment outcome (eg. maternal death, maternal complication, hospital stay) were collected. Data was collected using data collection format from patient medical charts. data was cleaned coded entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. All the statistical tests were significant at P-value < 0.05,Besides odd ratio 95%CI was used. Results: A total of 318 mothers’ medical charts were reviewed. One hundred sixty five (82.5%) pregnant women were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia. About 98(30.8%) of the women developed complications. The most common maternal complication was HELLP syndrome Mothers with gestational age less than 34weeks were 6.8 times more likely to develop complication [AOR=6.8, 95% CI = 1.974-24.026].similarly primigravida 4 times more likely to develop complication[AOR=4.934 CI =2.281-10.675 ]. Mothers with antipartum preeclampsia were 6.6 times more likely to have prolonged hospital stay [AOR=6.611 ,95% CI=2.749-15.898]. Conclusion: The commonly seen poor treatment outcomes in preclamptic mothers were magnesium sulphate toxicity, prolonged hospital stay and development of complications. Preeclampsia...

Background: Irrational drug use is a major public health problem worldwide. Patterns of prescribing of pharmaceuticals by physicians in Jordan have been scarcely studied. Objectives: To assess the drug prescribing patterns using World Health Organization Drug Use Indicators at 7 primary health care centers in Amman, the capital of Jordan. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 1055 prescriptions over a period of 2 months from May/2017 to July/2017, using the WHO prescribing indicators recommended protocol. Core prescribing indicators assessed in this study included the average number of drugs per prescription, the percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, the percentage of prescriptions containing injections, the percentage of prescriptions containing antibiotics, and the percentage of drugs from the essential drugs list. Results: Our results showed that the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.0, the percentage of drugs written by generic name was 50.3%, the percentage of drugs written from essential drug list was 97.6%, and the percentages of prescriptions that contain injections and antibiotics were 7.1%, 61.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Three of the 5 indicators, namely, the average number of drugs per prescription, the percentage of drugs written by generic name, and the percentage of prescriptions that contain antibiotics, fell short of WHO optimal values indicating that there is a room for improvement in prescribing.

Bangladesh became the 120th member of the WHO’s International Drug Monitoring Center (WHO-UMC). Through this membership, Bangladesh has gained international recognition and access to early worldwide information about potential safety risks. It was introduced in Bangladesh in 1999. However, due to a shortage of manpower and a lack of financial support, the program became dormant. It was revived in 2013 when the DGDA established the ADR Monitoring cell. Major advancements of the discipline of pharmacovigilance have taken place in the West, still, not much has been achieved in Bangladesh. The article highlights the various serious incidences ADRs, present health situation and broader scope of pharmacovigilance in Bangladesh.

The Provider-Patient Relationship (PPR) is a novel concept of medical sociology in which patients voluntarily approach a doctor and thus become a part of a contract in which they tend to abide with the doctor’s guidance. It has been proposed that an ideal PPR has six components, namely voluntary choice, practitioner’s competence, good communication, empathy by the doctors, continuity, and no conflict of interest. In fact, a poor PPR has been proved to be a major obstacle for both doctors and patients, and has eventually affected the quality of healthcare and ability of the patients to cope with their illness. Owing to poor PPR, patients does not show compliance with doctor advice completely; opt for practitioner -shopping by changing their practitioner repeatedly; remain anxious; may choose quacks or other non-scientific forms of treatment; significant increase in direct and indirect medical expenses. Because of recurrent change in line of treatment as per the advice of different practitioner and non-completion of the entire course of drugs, there is a definite scope for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, which further compounds the medical cost and anxiety, and finally may develop serious forms of disease or complications. From the practitioners’ perspective, they may ask for unnecessary investigations or may give over-prescriptions, just to be safe. There is also observed a remarkable decline in human touch or empathy; and a significant rise in unhealthy competition among doctors.