eSciPub Journals

Research Article of American Journal of Surgical Research and Reviews Translational Medicine and Autologous Fat Transfer: From bench to bedside. Regenerative and proliferative potential of adipose tissue Andrea Edoardo Bianchi, MD1,2, Antonio Lucchi, MD1, Riccardo Luoni Orsi, DMD1, Luigi Clauser, MD1 1Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Istituto Stomatologico Italiano, Via Pace, 21, 20122 MILANO, Italy; 2University UniCamillus, Via di Sant’Alessandro, 8, 00131 ROME, Italy Aim: Autologous fat transfer (AFT) for the correction of maxillofacial defects was first reported at the end of the 19th century. AFT was introduced as a way of improving facial esthetics and in the last few years has expanded into applications in craniomaxillofacial reconstructive surgery and regenerative therapy. This protocol is part of translational medicine. The aim of translational medicine, or translational science, is to combine disciplines, resources, expertise, and techniques based on three main pillars: bench, bedside, and community. The primary goals to coalesce assets of various natures to significantly improve the global healthcare system. AFT is thus part of translational medicine in tissue healing, regeneration and augmentation. Methods: Several techniques have been suggested for harvesting and grafting the fat. The Authors follow Coleman’s technique with centrifugation and infiltration using different types and sizes of cannulas. Conclusion: This review provides a fairly comprehensive summary of the many exciting possibilities that exist in the field of facial fat grafting. Five clinical cases are presented and discussed. Translational medicine is the basis of this new reconstructive and regenerative field of science and research. Keywords: Regenerative medicine, translational medicine, lipofilling, fat grafting, adipose-derived-stem-cells, fat graft survival, fat graft processing, maxillofacial surgery, soft tissue reconstruction, stem cells, bench to bedside ...

Research Article of American Journal of Orthopedic Research and Reviews Expired Air Carbon Monoxide Testing Is Effective for Preoperative Screening of Cigarette Use in Orthopaedic Patients: A Prospective Pilot Study of 70 Veterans Sean R. Sterrenberg, MD1; David M. Gallacher, BS1; John P. Tabb, BS1; Melissa S. Schmidt, RN2; Lucas Anissian, MD2; Kenneth R. Gundle, MD1,2; Ryan B. Wallenberg, MD2 1Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Portland, OR, USA; 2 Portland VA Medical Center, Operative Care Division, Portland, OR, USA Introduction: Screening for cigarette use is standard in the orthopedic pre-operative clinic, however traditional biochemical testing methods, including serum and urine cotinine assays, do not differentiate active smoking from nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). In this prospective pilot study, we hypothesize that exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) testing will be non-inferior to the gold standard serum cotinine (SC) test in screening for pre-operative cigarette use, will differentiate active smoking from NRT, and will allow for substantial cost savings in a clinic setting. Methods: Adult orthopaedic veterans indicated for elective surgery at our institution were offered inclusion. Self-reported smoking status (SRS), eCO and SC levels were obtained preoperatively. An eCO level of >6 parts per million and a SC level >3 ng/ml were considered positive for recent cigarette use. Agreement between SRS, eCO levels and SC levels, and eCO level test-retest reliability were evaluated. Results: Of the 55 patients enrolled into the study, 4 were self-reported Current Smokers and 51 were self-reported Ex-Smokers or Non-Smokers. Combining SRS with eCO levels as a screening tool for recent cigarette use yielded a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 98%, a positive predictive value of 95% and a negative predictive value of 100%. eCO testing differentiated NRT from cigarette use in all non-smoking patients. Test-retest reliability for eCO levels showed perfect agreement ...

Review Article of International Journal of Psychological Research and Reviews Use of Ketamine as a Date Rape Drug: a Systematic Scoping Review Stefania Dermitzaki1, Maria Nystazaki 2 1RN, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; 2PhD, MSc, RN, 2nd University Psychiatric Clinic, General University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece Background and Objectives: The interdependence of ketamine and rape represent an emerging issue for both the developed and the developing countries. Ketamine is rarely used in human surgery nowadays, but there is a range of traits concerning the aforementioned drug making it the most appropriate one for committing a sexual assault. Methods: An advanced search in Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Scopus and Cohrane Library and ScienceDirect was conducted. Identified articles were published between 2005 and 2020. Results: Eight empirical studies were included that comprised the number of victims who had consumed unwillingly ketamine leading to rape. Conclusion: Ketamine as a rape drug is an emerging issue, the extent of which we do not yet acknowledge. Community based informative programs for the public should be implemented, concerning the hazards following the consumption of ketamine. Keywords: ketamine, rape, date rape drugs, drug facilitated sexual assault ...

Research Article of International Journal of Psychological Research and Reviews Extracurricular Types and Academic Success Alexis Mowrer Quakertown High School Previous research has already determined that there is a positive correlation between extracurriculars and academic performance. Extracurriculars establish personal connections with others and increase motivation for many. However, there is limited research on the individual types of extracurriculars. Not all extracurriculars are the same. Therefore, I have decided to examine this issue through my research question: “Which extracurricular types were the most beneficial to academic success for 9th through 12th graders in School X in the 2020-2021 school year?” To ensure that I do not explain connections between variables, I establish an explore approach through a non-experimental survey. I ask students to list their top three extracurriculars to prevent an influx of data. After collecting my data, I organize my results into ten categories and explore recurring trends and themes. I examine mean GPA, mean class rank, personal connections with peers and adults, time spent, skills, passion, and correlating academic classes. In the end, I conclude that activities focused on leadership resulted in the highest scores overall. Student government and youth development programs may have been the most beneficial to overall academic success due to this leadership. I also determined that academic or professional organizations, the arts, and school sports may have been the most beneficial to academic success in correlating academic courses due to increased knowledge and passion. Overall, this is an essential issue to consider because over half of American students today are involved in at least one extracurricular. By establishing which extracurriculars are the most beneficial to one’s success, they can better understand which activities they should be joining to make the best use of their time. Keywords: Extracurricular Types; Academic Success ...

Case Report of International Journal of Case Reports Spontaneous Oculomotor and Abducens Nerve Palsy as Initial Presentation of Lymphoma of the Cavernous Sinus: Case Report Diego Ochoa-Cacique1, María Elena Córdoba-Mosqueda1, José Ramón Aguilar-Calderón1, Gonzalo Solís y-Maldonado2, Ulises García-González1, Victor Andrés Reyes-Rodríguez3, José de Jesús Lomelí-Ramírez4, Rosa María Vicuña-González5, Rodrigo Efraín Hernández-Reséndiz6, Erick Alberto Castañeda- Ramírez7, Mauricio Daniel Sánchez-Calderón1, Daniel Alejandro Vega-Moreno1, Rafael Sánchez-Mata1 1Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de PEMEX, Periférico sur 4091, Fuentes del Pedregal, Tlalpan, 14140, Ciudad de México, México. 2Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Ángeles del Pedregal, Camino a Santa Teresa 1055-S, Héroes de Padierna, La Magdalena Contreras, 10700, Ciudad de México, México. 3Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Central Norte PEMEX, Campo Matillas 52, San Antonio, Azcapotzalco, 02720, Ciudad de México, México. 4Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Vossan, Carretera Lerma-Champotón km 193, Country club, 24500, Campeche, México. 5Departament of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de PEMEX, Periférico sur 4091, Fuentes del Pedregal, Tlalpan, 14140, Ciudad de México, México. 6Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Ángeles Clínica Londres, Calle Frontera 74, Colonia Roma, Cuauhtémoc, 06700, Ciudad de México, México. 7Departament of Neurosurgery, Hospital Regional No. 1 del IMSS, Morelos, 85110, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México. Primary lymphomas of the skull base are rare (1% of lymphomas in adults); they can originate from the cavernous sinus and the parasellar region. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common histologic subtype. Currently, the origin of these lymphomas is controversial, and their clinical characteristics are not very specific. There are various treatments for these lesions with a variable response; therefore, the prognosis of these lesions is variable. Clinical case: We present the case of a 52-year-old man who spontaneously presented with diplopia. Physical examination revealed a limitation in adduction of the right eye, right palpebral ptosis, and limitation in the abduction ...

Research Article of International Journal of Dental Research and Reviews Frequently affected teeth by different types of iatrogenic perforations made during dental training in Bulgaria Ivanka Dimitrova1, Liliya Angelova2, Krasimir Hristov3 1Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University –Sofia, BulgariA; 2 Private practice; 3 Department of Pediatric dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University –Sofia, Bulgaria Background: One of the reasons for endodontic treatment failure is  iatrogenic perforation. That is why it is important to provide adequate endodontic education for graduating young practitioners. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the most common locations of the iatrogenic perforations made by last year students in the Dental Faculty in Sofia, Bulgaria, to note the association of particular errors with particular teeth and to determine how this information can improve their education. Methods: All patient records of last-year students for 2015 and 2016 were examined. Perforations were diagnosed by radiography, and also confirmed clinically. Results: From all 778 teeth 30 incidents of root perforations were found: 10 in 2015 and 20 in 2016. More perforations were found in upper posterior teeth- 80% of all the perforations made in 2015, and 45% of all registered perforations in 2016. For the entire period of the research perforation frequency in upper molars, and in upper anterior teeth were found to be significantly higher than in other group of teeth. In academic 2015 year, 8 of the perforations (80%) were furcal. In 2016 year, 11 (55%) of all perforations were apical. Conclusions: More in-depth knowledge of endodontic anatomy , and also more strict supervision on students’ tasks are needed, especially regarding standard root canal treatment on molar teeth. Keywords: Education, endodontics, root canal treatment, iatrogenic perforation ...